煤用化学药剂的助滤作用分析.pdf

第 22 卷第 1 期 辽宁工程技术大学学报 2003 年 2 月 Vol.22 No.1 Journal of Liaoning Technical University Feb. 2003 文章编号：1008-0562(2003)01-0142-03 煤用化学药剂的助滤作用分析 李 满，徐海宏 （华北科技学院安全与环境工程系，北京东燕郊 101601 ） 摘 要：采用8种高分子絮凝剂和10种表面活性剂，对细粒煤泥进行真空过滤脱水药剂试验，分析了药剂性质与煤泥过滤成饼时间、 滤饼厚度以及滤饼水分之间的关系。发现：就本实验选用的煤样而言，在降低滤饼最终水分方面表面活性剂的作用强于高分子絮凝剂， 在提高过滤初期速度方面，高分子絮凝剂的作用强于表面活性剂。高分子絮凝剂对煤泥滤饼最终水分的影响具有双重作用，一方面可 以改善滤饼结构，有利于自由水和大孔隙间水分的脱除；另一方面，也会使细粒煤泥絮团中包含的水分增加，这两方面作用的强弱决 定着高分子絮凝剂对细粒煤泥的助滤脱水效果。 关键词：高分子絮凝剂；表面活性剂；过滤；滤饼水分 中图号：TQ 42 文献标识码：A Analysis of function of filter aids for coal LI Man XU Hai-hong (Dept. of Safety and Environmental Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing-east Yanjiao 101601,China) Abstract ：The behavior of surfactants and polymer filter aids is investigated and the relations of cake moisture to character of filter aids are analyzed in vacuum filtration of raw coal in this paper. The following is discovered: The selected surfactants have more effectiveness than the polymers in lowering the cake moisture, but the polymers have clear superiority in shortening the time of forming cake. The polymers have two different effects in the filtering progress: Firstly, the polymers can improve the structure of coal cake, and this effect is helpful to remove the water between wadding groups. On the other hand, the polymers are helpful in wadding growing, so this effect makes it difficult to reduce the water in the wadding. The cake moisture is dependent on the twofold effects. Key words ：polymer；surfactant ；filter；cake moisture 0 引 言 我国选煤厂普遍存在着浮选精煤过滤产品水 分析与工业分析，分析结果表明，实验选用地宗煤 分高的问题，煤泥滤饼水分高会影响过滤机的处理 为焦煤，地宗煤样的粒度组成很细（粒度小于