惠州地区住校学生泌尿系结石危险因素分析.docxVIP

惠州地区住校学生泌尿系结石危险因素分析 　　【摘要】 目的 探讨和分析惠州地区住校学生泌尿系结石发生的危险因素及预防措施。方法 惠州地区住校学生泌尿系结石患者350例作为试验组， 另取同期健康查体的惠州地区住校学生非泌尿系结石人员350例作为对照组。分析两组诱发泌尿系结石的危险因素。结果 单因素分析发现， 诱发住校学生发生泌尿系结石的因素包括高盐饮食、高脂饮食、有泌尿系结石家族史、长时间服药、血尿酸含量、尿液pH值。多因素分析发现， 食盐摄入量≥15 g/d、脂肪摄入量≥90 g/d、有泌尿系结石家族史、长时间服药、血尿酸含量≥416 μmol/L、尿液pH值是诱发泌尿系结石发生的独立危险因素。结论 住校学生泌尿系结石的发生和生活习性、有泌尿系结石家族史、长时间服药、血尿酸含量高等因素密切相关， 适当的增加饮水量可以减少泌尿系结石的发生率， 对既往有家族遗传史的患者应高度关注。　　【关键词】 泌尿系结石;住校学生;危险因素;预防　　DOI：//　　【Abstract】 Objective To discuss and analyze the risk factors and prevention measures of urinary calculus in residential students of Huizhou area. Methods There were 350 residential students of Huizhou area with urinary calculus as experimental group， and another concurrent 350 residential students of Huizhou area without urinary calculus as control group. The risk factors inducing urinary calculus in two groups was analyzed.　　Results Univariate analysis found that the risk factors inducing urinary calculus in residential students included high-salt diet， high-fat diet， family history of urinary calculi， long time medication， blood uric acid content and urine pH value . Multivariate analysis showed that salt intake ≥ 15 g/d， fat intake ≥ 90 g/d， family history of urinary calculi， long time medication， blood uric acid content ≥ 416 mol/L， urine pH value were independent risk factors for occurrence of urinary calculi . Conclusion The occurrence of urinary calculi in residential students is closely related to living habits， family history of urinary calculi， long time medication， high blood uric acid levels， and a proper increase in the amount of drinking water can reduce the incidence of urinary calculi. More attention should be payed to patients with past family hereditary history.　　【Key words】 Urinary calculus; Residential students; Risk factors; Prevention　　泌尿系?Y石属于泌尿外科就诊率较高的疾病之一， 据不完全统计， 我国目前泌尿系统结石的发病率在4%左右， 其中以男性好发， 发病率约为7%左右， 处于南方的惠州地区更是结石的高发地区[1]。大量临床研究表明， 泌尿系结石的发生、结石构成与患者年龄、性别、职业、饮食、社会生活条件等密切相关， 存在一定的地域性差异和特点[2]。各种物质在尿液中的含量以及相互作用是导