基于ARM和Linux的嵌入式汽车虚拟仪表系统的研究-化工过程机械专业论文.docxVIP

华中科技大学硕士学位论文 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I I 摘要 随着现代汽车工业和电子技术的发展，不仅对汽车的环保性、安全性和智能化要 求提高，而且对汽车行驶和各部分工作状况的信息需求显著增加。微电子技术的迅猛 发展使其在汽车上被广泛的应用，给汽车工业的进一步发展带来了新的生机。 本课题系统 CPU 选用 S3C2440，在嵌入式 Linux 操作系统上，利用 Qt4 开发图形 用户界面，通过 CAN 总线传输数据。针对嵌入式汽车虚拟仪表的使用要求，提出嵌 入式汽车虚拟仪表的设计原则，把系统划分为数据采集、数据处理和显示三个模块。 数据采集模块实时获取各种数据，如发动机转速、车速、油量、水温等信息。由 CAN 总线将信息传输至系统的主控单元 ARM9 S3C2440，经过数据处理和计算，将信息显 示到 TFT 液晶屏上，同时通过触摸屏实现人机交互。 本课题的主要研究任务是嵌入式汽车虚拟仪表系统软硬件的选型和系统开发平 台的搭建，主要是处理器、触摸屏、嵌入式操作系统和图形用户界面的选择，交叉编 译器和 Qt4 的安装，然后是系统内核与驱动的剪裁与移植，包括 Bootloader、触摸屏 和液晶屏的驱动移植，最后是用 Qt4 完成嵌入式图形用户界面的初步开发。 实验结果表明，嵌入式汽车虚拟仪表模型界面简洁美观，可读性好，精确度高， 具有很好的扩展性，是未来汽车仪表的发展趋势。 关键词：ARM CAN Linux 触摸屏 汽车仪表 II II ABSTRACT As the development of modern automobile industry and electronic technology, not only do we have more requests in vehicle such as environment, safety and intelligence, but also more demands information in driving and different parts working condition. Owing to sharp growing in microelectronics, more and more were used in automobile; this will give a vital force for auto industry. S3C2440 was selected as the CPU in the study’s system, on the ground of embedded Linux operating system, we used graphical user interface (GUI) exploited by Qt4, transport the data through CAN bus. For the operating requirements, the design principal was probed for embedded auto virtual instrument, then divided the system into three model: data acquisition, data processing and display. Data acquisition played the role of acquiring multiform data timely such as engine speed, auto speed, fuel quantity, water temperature, etc. The next step was to transport that to ARM9 S3C2440 main control unit through CAN bus. After data processing and calculating, we could make the information on TFT liquid crystal screen, achieved human-computer interactions by touch panel. The major research task for this study was to choose the hardware type for embedded auto virtual instrument and build the exploitation platform for system. These would mainly concentrate on selecting