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Securing self-virtualizing Ethernet devices - Computer … .pptx
Securing self-virtualizing Ethernet devices;background;Emulation is scalable but incurs performance costs. For cloud computing where resource usage is money, performance is critical.
Direct I/O is high performance, but not scalable. Modern servers run about 50-100 virtual machines, but only have around 5-10 I/O devices. This is clearly a problem.
Solution : SRIOV
;SRIOV;Specification maintained by PCI-SIG.
Introduces the idea of physical functions (PFs) and virtual functions (VFs).
PFs are full-featured PCIe functions. Discovered, managed, and manipulated like any other PCIe device. PFs have full configuration resources, meaning it is possible to configure and control the device via the PF. Of course, they have the ability to move data in and out of the device.
VFs are “lightweight” functions that lack configuration resources. They also have the ability to move data in and out like PFs. However, they cannot be configure as that would change the underlying configuration of the PF.
;Configuration is only possible through the PF. Hence, the OS or hypervisor support is required for SRIOV since the OS or hypervisor instance can properly detect and initialize PFs and VFs correctly.
PCI-SIG SRIOV specifications state that each device can have up to 256 VFs.
Therefore, there is multiple VFs whereas there can only (generally) have one PF. Exceptions, however, include quad-port SRIOV NIC which presents itself as four devices, each having 256 VFs for a theoretical total of 1024 VFs.
Important to keep in mind…these are only theoretical maximums. Practically 64 seems to be the limit.;How is sriov used?;Limitations of sriov;More background…Ethernet control flow ;Receiver sends the sender a MAC control frame with a pause request.
This causes the sender to stop transmitting data for the requests period of time needed to for the client to consume resources in the buffer.
;Attack vector;Attack mechanism;Experiment;Ramifications;Securing SRIOV;PRototype;Results;Conclusion;Quiz
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