dqo_６Ｓ黑带培训教材.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ZLSL=(LSL-Mean)/Sigma ZUSL=(USL-Mean)/Sigma * * * * * We needed to make sure the process must be stable first. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Process Capability for Defect Rate Estimation of Sigma-Capability for Defect Rate Determine the opportunities per unit Determine the long-term defects per opportunity (d) d = defects per unit ? opportunities per unit Determine the inverse cumulative probability for d, using Calc ? Probability Distribution ? Normal Z-Score is the magnitude of the returned value Sigma-Capability = Z-Score + 1.5 Example 6 The process manager for a wire manufacturer is concerned about the effectiveness of the wire insulation process. Random lengths of electrical wiring are taken and tested for weak spots in their insulation by means of a test voltage. The number of weak spots and the length of each piece of wire are recorded. Example 6 Stat ? Quality Tools ? Capability Analysis (Poisson) Example 6 Defects per Unit = 0.0265194 Throughput Yield = exp{–DPU} = exp{–0.0265194} = 0.9738 c.f. First-Time Yield = 2 / 100 = 0.02 Example 6 Define 1 Inspection Unit = 125 unit length of wire i.e. Units = Length ? 125 Example 6A Stat ? Quality Tools ? Capability Analysis (Poisson) Example 6A Defects per Unit = 3.31493 Throughput Yield = exp{–DPU} = exp{–3.31493} = 0.0363 c.f. First-Time Yield = 2 / 100 = 0.02 Example 6B Defects per Unit = 3.31493 Opportunities per Unit = 1 Defects per Opportunity = 3.31493 Z-Score = ??? Example 6B 1 inspection unit = 1 unit length of wire Opportunities per Unit = 1 Defects per Opportunity = 329 ? 12,406 = 0.0265 Z-Score = Abs{?–1(0.0265)} = 1.935 Sigma-Capability = Z-Score + 1.5 = 3.435 Choice of Six Sigma Metric * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Process Stability A process is