牛津高中英语模2unit3grammar and usage.pptVIP

Unit 3 Amazing people Grammar and usage Past perfect tense 过去完成时 概念： 过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。它表示动作发生的时间为“过去的过去”。例如： After they had become stars in their own country, the Beatles toured the United States. By the end of last month, we had learned twelve English songs. 用法： 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间之前已经开始并一直持续到那时的动作或状态。如： We hadn’t seen each other since I left my hometown. 注意： 1. 过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成。过去完成时常与by, for, before, since等介词短语或由after, before, since, when, by the time等引导的时间状语从句连用。如： By the end of last year, we had learned seven hundred English words. They hadn’t finished their work when I arrived at the office. 2. 过去完成时表示动作发生在“过去的过去”，而一般过去时只表示动作发生在过去。例如： By the late 1960s, their music had changed completely. （表示在20世纪60年代后期 – 过去时间 – 之前，他们的音乐就已经改变了） In the late 1960s their music changed completely. （表示在20世纪60年代后期时，他们的音乐改变了） 3.现在完成时着眼于现在，强调过去发生的某动作对现在造成的影响和结果，或是由过去持续到现在的动作。过去完成时则主要体现过去发生的两动作的先后有别，表达的是“过去的过去”，即比过去发生的某动作都还要“过去”。例如： I have cleaned the classroom.（强调扫地所产生的结果：地干净了） I had cleaned the floor when Mother came home. （“回家”已过去，而先前“扫地”更过去了） ---Were you surprised by the ending of the film? --- No, I _______the book, so I already knew the story? （2010 安徽） A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read 解析：句意为“我看过书了，已知道这个故事”。在“knew”前已看过，故用过去完成时。 B 2. I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone ____ it. Was it you? （2010湖南） A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do 解析：该空动作发生在was just going to cut之前，即表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时态。句意为：“我正要剪切我的蔷薇丛但（发现）有人已经将它剪切了。是你干的吗？” B 3. Up to now, the program ____ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. （2010 山东） A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved 解析：句意应为“截止到现在，这个项目 已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩 子的生命。”up to now是现在完成时态 的标志，所以空格处使用现在完成时态。 D 4. — Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation? —We_____ busy with our work for months, so we w