国际经济学（上册国际贸易）克鲁格曼英文答案.docx

Chapter 2 Home has 1200 units of labor available^ It can produce two goods, apples and bananas* The unit labor requirement in apple production is 3, while in banana production it is 2. Graph out the production possibilities frontier: apple What is the opportunity cost of apples in terms of bananas? aLb aLb Foreigns PP80 160 240 320 400Q apple Foreigns PP 80 160 240 320 400 Q apple In the absence of trade, what would the price of apples in terms of bananas be? In the absence of trade, since labor is the only factor of production and supply decisions are determined by the attempts of individuals to maximize their earnings in a competitive economy, only when Pa/Pb = aIa/a, b will both goods be produced. So Pa/Pb = 1.5 Home is as described in problem 1. There is now also another country, Foreign, with a labor force of 800. Foreign^ unit labor requirement in apple production is 5, while in banana production it is L Graph Foreign^ production possibilities frontier: Q banana 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Construct the world relative supply curve. 6.0a / = 5 5.0RS4.02.01.00.00.25 0.5 0.75 1(Qa+Q*a)/(Qb+Q*b)￡ 6.0 a / = 5 5.0 RS 4.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 (Qa+Q*a)/(Qb+Q*b) ￡ ： aio. =0.5 Pa Pa/Pb Now suppose world relative demand takes the following form: Demand for apples/demand for bananas = price of bananas/price of apples. Graph the relative demand curve along with the relative supply curve: Da/Db=Pb/Pa ?: When the market achieves its equilibrium, we have /? RD is a hyperbola y =— x F7^ = 0-5 What is the equilibrium relative price of apples? The equilibrium relative price of apples is determined by the intersection of the RD and RS curves? 1 RD: x =— y y = 1.5ye [1.5,5]y = 5xe [0,0.5) y = 1.5ye [1.5,5] y = 5 RS：卜二0.5 xe (0?5,+x] x = 0.5 ??? Pea/Peh = 2 Describe the pattern of trade. V P\!P\ Pea/PebPJPh A In this two-country world, Home will specialize in the apple production, export apples and import bananas. Foreign will specialize in the banana production, export banana