大学英语高级语法 Unit 1.pptVIP

第一章 时态 大学英语高级语法 外国语学院 第一章：动词时态 时态是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。时间有四个部分，即现在、过去、将来、过去将来。动作方面也有四种，即一般、进行、完成和完成进行。将这些时间与动作方面组合在一起，就构成了16种时态。我们分为简单时态和复杂时态来讲 动词时态 简单时态 一、一般现在时 二、一般过去时 三、一般将来时 四、过去将来时 五、现在进行时 六、过去进行时 七、现在完成时 八、过去完成时 复杂时态 一、将来进行时 二、将来完成时 三、过去将来完成时 四、现在完成进行时 五、过去完成进行时 六、过去将来进行时 七、将来完成进行时 八、过去将来完成进行时 一般现在时 1. 基本用法： 表示经常和反复发生的动作；表示普遍真理和客观事实 ；表示计划安排要发生的事情 When I come across a new word, I consult the English dictionary. None of the warships could leave the port quickly enough, because it takes time to get up steam and get under way. The new prime minister makes his policy speech tomorrow afternoon. 一般过去时 1. 基本用法 2.用于“It’s ( high) time…, I wish…, I’d rather…, If only…”等结构的后面，表示主观设想或非真实情况。例如： It’s ( high) time you stopped fooling around and started looking for a job. I wish I got more letters and gifts from my friends. If only I knew her name, I can call her to take part in the dancing party. I would rather you didnt do anything for the time being.　 一般将来时 几种表示将来的结构 will/shall+动词原形（shall用于第一人称） “ be going to ” be about to be to +不定式 瞬间动词中表示移位或起始的动词，如“arrive, come, drive, give, go, return, start”等的进行时也可以表示将来的动作。 Examples The agreement will come into force next summer. I am assuming that the present situation is going to continue. Don’t worry. I am about to make a close examination on your baby. The students are to hand in their papers next Monday. Our teacher is giving a report this afternoon. 过去将来时 1.基本用法 2. was/were on the point of 表示 “正要……时 ”；was/were due to do 表示定于某时做某事，表示过去将来时。例如： I was just on the point of going when you came in. The conference was due to last five days. Translate： 我们正准备给你打电话，这时你的电话来了。 　 We were on the point of telephoning you when your telegram arrived. 　 他定于那天晚上发言。 He was due to speak that night. 现在进行时 1.基本用法 2.重要用法： 2-1表示经常反复的动作，常与always, constantly, continually, forever 等副词连用，带有说话人的感情色彩，表示意想不到的或让人烦恼的事情。 She is always borrowing money and forgetting to pay you back. The prisoners are continually trying to escape. *比较continua