毕业设计（论文）-儿童乘员的正面碰撞安全性仿真分析.doc

北京林业大学毕业论文 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I 儿童乘员的正面碰撞安全性仿真分析 交通工程07-1 指导教师： 摘要 儿童安全是汽车安全领域的重要课题之一。随着我国汽车工业的发展和汽车保有量的增加，儿童乘车安全问题日益凸显。我国即将颁布儿童约束系统强制测试法规，国内工业界也广泛开展了儿童约束系统的安全性研究。儿童乘坐在汽车后座并使用合适的儿童约束系统可以有效降低致命和损伤风险。大龄儿童需要使用汽车安全带和增高垫约束，然而研究表明增高垫约束系统的安全性需要进一步改进，开展这方面的研究具有重大的社会意义。 本论文选定一款增高垫儿童座椅进行建模分析，采用行业内认可度很高的多刚体动力学软件MADYMO及HybridⅢ6岁儿童假人模型，建立了一组6岁儿童乘员前碰撞条件下的仿真模型。模拟分析了正确使用增高座椅情况下，儿童乘员的动力学和运动学响应。参照FMVSS213和ECE R44法规给定的儿童损伤准则，对模型中的儿童的头部合成加速度、NIJ值、HIC值、胸部合成加速度、胸部垂直加速度、颈部轴向载荷以及颈部弯曲力矩等进行了分析研究。验证了增高垫约束系统的安全性。 本文结合计算机仿真与实际设计，对儿童乘员约束系统进行研究分析。掌握了儿童乘员约束系统研究的技术路线和方法，提出有效的应用仿真指导实际的方法。本论文的研究结果可以作为进一步改进增高垫儿童座椅时的参考依据，为进一步进行学龄儿童乘车安全保护研究奠定了基础。 关键词：儿童乘员，运动学响应，动力学响应，仿真，增高垫，儿童约束系统，碰撞安全 Study on Child Occupants Safety in Frontal Impact Based on Simulations Traffic Engineering 07-1 Wu Tao-tao Supervisor Tang Liang Abstract Child safety is one of the key topics in the field of automotive engineering. With the development of automotive industry and retain number of automobile in our country，the child safety in vehicle attracts more and more attention. Test regulation of child restraint system has been conducted throughout domestic automotive industry. Fatal and injury risk of children can be reduced by using proper child seat or booster. Vehicle seat belt and booster seat should be used for older children, but recent research reveals that the safety of booster seat restraint system still needs further improvement, the research work in this field has an important social significance. In this study, I selected a child safety seat of Graco as the research object. A rigid body dynamics code MADYMO and the 6-year-old Hybrid Ⅲ dummy model were used to simulate the responses of a 6-year-old child occupant restrained properly in frontal impacts, and to investigate the influence of the booster seat to child safety. The injury related parameters specified in FMVSS123 and ECER44 were analysed, including the resultant head acceleration ,NIJ value, HIC value, the resultant chest acceleration, the vertical chest a