添加奈米原纤维与甘油对几丁聚醣薄膜的物理-宜兰大学食品科学系.DOC

國立宜蘭大學食品科學研究所 碩士班專題討論 題目：添加奈米原纖維與甘油對幾丁聚醣薄膜物理性質之 影響 Effects of nanofibrillated cellulose and glycerol on physical properties of chitosan films 演講者：張文碩(Chang, Wen-Shou) 指導教授：陳輝煌 老師 日期：Dec. 08, 2010 中文摘要 纖維素及幾丁聚醣是含量豐富、具有生物相容性與生物可降解性的天然聚合物。最近，奈米級原纖維(NFC)可由高剪切均質或精煉過程從聚集的纖維中分離出來。酵素或化學預處理可減少在裂解時的能源消耗，其中內切纖維素酶預處理有利於分解木質纖維且因不添加化學藥劑而對環境無害，且顯示出比酸水解處理具有較高的纖維長寬比，利於增強奈米複合物的機械性質。幾丁聚醣可形成無毒、抗菌與可塑性的氧氣阻隔薄膜，所以可應用在包裝或可食膜上。由複合實驗顯示，複合薄膜(奈米纖維/幾丁聚醣)有良好的均勻度，且比未添加NFC的幾丁聚醣薄膜有較高的機械(拉伸強度與楊氏模值)和熱機械性質(動態機械分析)。但高含量的奈米纖維添加會造成複合薄膜變易脆及降低伸張率，因此需添加塑化劑以增加薄膜可塑性。利用中央合成設計結果顯示，乾態薄膜中添加15%奈米纖維含量及18%甘油濃度，是製備可塑性薄膜的最適條件。 關鍵字：幾丁聚醣、塑化劑、甘油、薄膜、奈米纖維 Abstract Cellulose and chitosan are abundant, biocompatibility and biodegradable natural polymers. Recently, nano-sized cellulose fibril (NFC) aggregates could be successfully isolated from fibers by using high-shear homogenization or refining processes. Enzymatic or chemical pre-treatment can reduce energy consuming during disintegration process. Endoglucanase pretreatment facilitates disintegration of cellulosic wood fibers in an environmentally friendly process without chemical reactants, and showed higher aspect ratio of great interest as reinforcement in nanocomposite materials than acid hydrolysis. Chitosan can forms non-toxic, antibacterial and flexible films with good oxygen barrier which may be employed as packaging or edible films. According to the combination test, composite films (Chitosan/NFC) were homogenous and presented better mechanical (Tensile strength and Young’s modulus) and thermo-mechanical (DMA) properties than unfilled chitosan films. But the high NFC loads led the composite films to become brittle and reduce the elongation. Thus a plasticizer is needed to increase film flexibility. The experiment was conducted according to a central composite design. The optimum conditions of plastic dried composites were defined as the concentration of 15% NFC and 18% glycerol . Keyword: chitosan, plasticizer, glycerol, film, nanofiber References *Azeredo