基于地铁火灾仿真的人员疏散研究-交通规划与管理专业论文.docxVIP

摘要摘要 摘要 摘要 地铁火灾是威胁地铁安全运蕾的最大隐患，～旦发生，后果严重，对人员 生命、经济发展、社会安定都将产生极大的负面影响。预防和减少火灾情况下 的人员伤亡已成为世界各国公共安全领域研究的重点，对提高地铁系统安全性 有具重要意义。地铁火灾人员安全疏散即在各种危险情况来临之前将所有人员 疏散到安全区域或地带。 本文在国内外文献综述的基础上，运用流行计算机仿真技术，展开了地铁 站火灾情况下人员疏散状况及其对策问题研究。主要研究内容包括： (1)地铁火灾情况下人员反应及运动规律研究。论文重点分析了火灾中人 员心理行为和疏散行为以及紧急情况下人员运动规律； (2)人员疏散时间计算模型。通过对地铁不同类别乘客、火灾产物及其地 铁车站建筑结构等因素对人员逃生的影响分析，确立了人员逃生的时间计算模 型； (3)地铁火灾人员疏散仿真建模与程序设计。在前述时间模型的基础上， 建立了基于了元胞自动机模型的疏散模型，开发了地铁火灾人员疏散计算机仿 真软件SUBFE(Subway Fire Evacuation)，并进行了案例仿真： (4)人员安全疏散影响因素分析。论文着重研究了火灾对人员疏散的影响 以及楼梯宽度、出口条件等因素对人员疏散的影响，并提出了火灾预防措施与 若干对策。 关键词：计算机仿真，元胞自动机，地铁火灾，人员疏散 II AbsttactABSTRACT Absttact ABSTRACT ne hidden danger of the fire accident is one of the largeg threats in metro operations鹊it may canse great loss ofpenple’S lives and property and exeR negative effects on economic development and social stability．Bemg the most important part in pubic security research，the prevention and reduce of fire caSualties is of great significance协ensure metro operation security．Safe evacuation from metro fires， whichⅥfas discussed in this mide,is to evacuate all the people to safe areaS in time 协avoid danger． BaSed on the review ofstudies in this field at home mad abroad and with the help ofcomputer simulation technology,discussions concerning metro fire evacuation and its cou帕．termeasures were made in this article coveting the following aspects． (1)Reaction and movement under metro fire，EmphaSis was laid on the discussion of people’S psychological behavior and movement laws in the emergency offire． (2)Models on evacuation time．A mathematic model for calculalmg evacuation time vgas introduced based on the analysis ofrolated factors like passenger types．fire causes and building struct,tres． (3)Simulation of meIlO fire evacuation．SUBFE(Subway Fire Evacuation) ∞flw疵and its ongml model．which was built by cellular automation technique, WOre developed in this article,and a user-sethng evacuation was simulated as a case to investigate． (4)Factors influ艘ace on evacuation．Some in-dopth dis