辉锑矿富氧熔池熔炼的工艺研究.docVIP

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2019.03 doi：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2019.03.001 张家靓1,2，杨旭1，邓卫华3，陈永强1,2，王成彦1,2 （1.北京科技大学 冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083； 2.稀贵金属绿色回收与提取北京市重点实验室，北京 100083； 3.锡矿山闪星锑业有限责任公司，湖南 冷水江 417502） 摘要：采用富氧顶吹装置模拟辉锑矿挥发熔池熔炼的行为，考察了氧气系数、初始渣Fe/SiO2、CaO含量对熔炼渣中锑含量的影响。在氧气系数为1.04、初始渣Fe/SiO2=0.94、CaO 15%的最优条件下，熔炼后渣含锑为1.8%。采用SEM-EDS对渣中锑的物相及分布行为进行了表征，发现熔渣中锑以微小的金属粒子形式存在。通过加入一定量的锑锍作为捕集剂，并在高温下对锑渣进行贫化，使渣中的锑含量由沉降前的2.36%降低至0.86%。辉锑矿可以采用富氧挥发熔池熔炼—熔炼渣高温贫化工艺进行处理。 关键词：辉锑矿；挥发；熔池熔炼；高温贫化 中图分类号：TF818 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2019）03-0000-00 Technical Study on Oxygen Enrichment Bath Smelting for Stibnite ZHANG Jia-liang1,2, YANG Xu1, DENG Wei-hua3, CHEN Yong-qiang1,2, WANG Cheng-yan1,2 (1. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recycling and Extraction of Metals, Beijing 100083; 3. Hsiwang Shan Twinkling Star Co., Ltd., Lengshuijiang 417502, Hunan, China) Abstract：Volatilization behavior of stibnite was simulated by an experimental equipment of oxygen enrichment top blowing. Effects of oxygen factor, Fe/SiO2 and CaO content in initial slag on Sb content in smelting slag were studied. The results show that Sb content in smelting slag is 1.8% under the optimum conditions of oxygen factor of 1.04, Fe/SiO2=0.94, and CaO of 15%. Phase and distribution of Sb in slag were analyzed with SEM-EDS. Sb exists as micro elemental particles in the slag. Sb content in slag reduces from 2.36% to 0.86% after depletion at high temperature by adding some antimony matte as collecting agent. Stibnite can be treated by the process of oxygen enrichment bath smelting and high-temperature depletion. Key words：stibnite; volatilization; bath smelting; high-temperature dilution 锑及其化合物广泛地应用于蓄电池、合金、颜料、阻燃剂等领域[1-3]。金属锑的现代冶金方法可以分为火法与湿法两大类。火法炼锑主要采用挥发熔炼产出三氧化二锑，再进行还原熔炼产生粗锑[4]。湿法炼锑可以分为硫化钠碱性浸出法和酸性氯化浸出法[5]。近年来也出现了一些其他冶炼方法，如直接熔炼—氢还原法、矿浆电解法等[6-7]。 目前，鼓风炉挥发熔炼等传统工艺仍然是锑冶炼的主要方法。然而，鼓风炉熔炼只能产出低浓度的SO2烟气，无法制酸；熔炼过程热效率低，需要消耗