高考语法填空考点总结材料.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 2 语法填空 考点分析 提 示 词 形 式 动词 谓语动词 时态（八大时态） 语态（主动语态被动语态） 非谓语动词 现在分词 过去分词 不定式 形容词与副词的比较级或最高级 词性转换（名词动词形容词副词） 词义转换（派生词） 纯 空 格 形 式 冠词（a/an/the） 介词(in, on, at , behind, for, with, from...) 代词 人称代词（主格宾格） 物主代词（形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词） 反身代词 指示代词（this，that，these, those） 不定代词（some, other, another,both,...） 疑问代词 连词 从属连词 名词性从句 定语从句 状语从句 并列连词（but, however, so, and, ...） 固定短语或句型 有提示词的解题技巧 一：谓语动词： 若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。 1. His fear of failure_______(keep) him from classroom games that other children played excitedly. kept 2. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, ______(close) my book and walked away. closed 3. Three people ____(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. . were taken 4. She told him that she ________ (bring) him the water in ten minutes. would bring 二、非谓语动词 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用现在分词、过去分词，还是不定式。非谓语动词的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。 技巧一：作主语或宾语，通常用现在分词形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。 1. But it is not enough only_______________(memorize) rules from a grammar book. 解析：因it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语，故填to memorize。 2._____________(speak) out your feeling won’t make you feel ashamed. 解析：句中已有谓语won’t make，所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填Speaking。 技巧二：作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。 1. ______________ (complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. 解析：因句中已有谓语will have to work，所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填To complete。 2. Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _______ (succeed). 解析：因在形容词likely后作状语，要用动词不定式，故填to succeed。 技巧三：作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，与逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词。这样的题一般要特别注意空格前的逗号。 1. He saw the stone, ____________(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.” 解析：句中已有谓语saw，所给动词与saw不是并列关系，应当是非谓语动词；又因He与say是主动关系，故填saying作伴随状语。 2. The headmaster went into the lab, ______________ (follow) by the foreign guests. 解析：句中已有谓语went，而follow