初中英语词和词组辨析(形异义近).docVIP

实用标准 精彩文档 词和词组辨析（形异义近） 让语言多样化，主要应用于单项选择、完形填空、写作中 （1）借 borrow 借入，常用短语：borrow sth from sb 从某人那里借来某物 lend 借出，常用短语：lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 keep 借，表示长时间的保存I have kept the book for two weeks. （2）穿 Dress 可表示“穿着某种颜色或风格的衣服”，其后加介词in，不可加具体的服饰（例如：She likes to dress in black and red.）。第二种用法可表示“为某人穿衣”，其宾语为人。dress oneself自己穿衣服；dress sb up 打扮某人 put on 穿上，戴上，强调动作 wear 穿着，戴着，强调状态=be in wear a coat/ jewelry （3）看 see 看见，强调结果 Seeing is believing. look 看，强调动作， look at watch看（电视，比赛，电影） watch TV/ a game/ a movie read 看书，报纸，杂志等， read a book/ newspaper/magazine （4）拿 bring 带来，拿来，指从别的地方把东西带到说话人处 take 带走，拿走，表示把东西从说话人处带到远处 carry扛，搬，承载，没有方向性， fetch 去取，去拿，表示往返拿东西 （5）死 die 死，是不及物动词??Her grandfather died last year. dead 死的，形容词 Her grandfather had been dead for 2 years. Dead air 死气沉沉 death 死亡，名词 His death was a great loss to China. dying垂死的，渴望的，形容词 The poor old man was dying. I’m dying for a drink. （6）说话 speak 说，后常接某种语言 I can speak Chinese. Say 强调说话的内容 He said he was angry. talk 交谈，不及物动词 talk to/with sb tell 告诉，讲述 tell sb sth tell a story chat 闲聊 wechat （7）花费 spend 指花费金钱或者时间，主语是人sb spend time/ money on sth sb spend time/money (in) doing sth cost 物作主语， 意为“值多少钱” sth cost money take it takes sb time/ money to do sth pay 支付 sb pay money for sth Alipay （8）找 look for 寻找，强调找的过程 find 找到，强调找的结果 （9）听 listen to 听，强调听的动作 listen to the teacher hear 听到，强调听的结果 I’m sorry to hear that. （10）输赢 lose 输掉，失去 lose the game fail “失败” 指未能做成某事 Did you pass the exam?—No, I failed. beat 意为“打败”??打败某人或者某队 win 意为“赢得”， 如赢得地位、比赛、荣誉等 win the Nobel prize （11）忘 forget 忘记 forget to do sth??忘记做某事 forget doing sth本来做过某事，但是自己却忘了 leave 把某物落在某地 leave sth +某地点 （12）到达 arrive in +大地点(village) ; arrive at +小地点(Beijing) get to +地点名词? ? How do you usually get to school? reach??+地点名词?