解磷微生物的分离鉴定及其解磷规律的研究-有机化学·金属有机化学专业论文.docxVIP

Y Y 77亏j如 中文摘要 中文摘要 磷素是植物生长的重要限制因子，单纯依靠大量施用磷肥来解决磷 素缺乏已经出现资源浪费、环境污染等诸多弊端。利用植物根际与磷循 环相关的生物学系统来解决这个问题已经越来越被人们关注，解磷微生 物在这个生物学系统中担任着重要的角色。 本研究从黑龙江大学微生物重点实验室提供的菌肥样品中分离出3 株具有解磷能力的细菌，分别为R．HH01、R．HH02和R．HH03。通过形 态特征、培养特征观察、生理生化特征试验和16S rDNA序列分析，确 认这三株菌均为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)。R．HH01菌株、R．HH02菌株 为苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)，R．HH03菌株为蜡状芽孢杆 菌f Bacillus 研究进行了三株细菌单批培养过程的生长特征和解磷动态变化的观 察。利用正交实验研究了培养条件对二株菌解磷能力的影响。结果表 明，三株细菌在有氧条件下均有解无机磷的能力，并以R．HH01最强。 解磷过程中培养液pH下降，表明三株细菌的解磷过程与其分泌的酸性 物质有关。 本研究首次证明苏云金芽孢杆菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌具有解磷能力。 关键词：无机磷细菌16S rDNA分类 AbstractAbstract Abstract Abstract Phosphorus is important restrictive factor for plant growth．The excessive of phosphate fertilizer accounting for the lack of phosphate has caused many abuses such lesource waste、environment pollution and on．Using the bio—system in the plant root which relates closely to the phosphate cycle to solve these problems has been focused on by more and more people．Phosphate—dissolving microorganism plays an important role in the bio—syStem． Three phosphate—dissolving bacteria were isolated from the sample of bacterium fertilizer offered by key laboratory of microbiology in Heilongjiang University，named R．HH01，R HH02，R．HH03．Based the observation of configuration and culture feature、the tests of physiological and bio—chemical feature、and analyses of 16S rDNA，the three isolated strains were affirmed to genus bacillus．R．HHOI、R，HH02 were affirmed to Bacillus thuringiensis and R．HH03 was Bacillus This research carried out the observation of growth character and phosphate—dissolving dynamic movement of the three strains during batch culture．Orthogonal experiments were designed to study the effect of culture conditions on the phosphate-dissolving ability of the three bacteria．The results showed that the all thlee bacteria had the ability to dissolve inorganic— phosphate，especially R HH01．The pH value of the culture liquid descended during the phosphate—dissolving process and it indicated￡j】a￡the above— mentioned process was related