Contrastive analysis语言学.pptVIP

Contrastive analysis Influenced by the behaviorism view that second language learning could be regarded as the development of a new set of habits, the native language took on great significance for it was regarded as the major cause for lack of success in learning a second language or foreign language. And a distinction was made between positive transfer (正迁移）and negative transfer （负迁移）. While the former would facilitate target language learning, the later would interfere. /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/ The changes of number and person, like “He like English”. Therefore, in second/foreign language learning and teaching the basis of language instruction was the differences between the native language and target language. In order to avoid the errors, comparing the leaner’s native language and target language is a efficient way to identify the difference and predict areas of potential errors. Contrastive Analysis (known as CA) came into fashion in the 1960s. Starting with describing comparable features of the native language and the target language (e.g. tense, words, or expressions etc. ),contrastive analysis compares the forms and meanings across these two language to locate the mismatches or differences so that people can predict the possible learning difficulty learners may encounter. For example, between English and French, there are many false friends, words and phrases which are rather similar in spelling and sound yet different in meaning and function. This is usually out of a direct transfer from learners native language French. Such native language transfer Chinese collocations or expressions to English as to touch the society and there are more people come to study in the States, which will be further elaborated on in 11.7 later.