结构隔声测试技术研究-机械电子工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 传统的结构隔声测试技术对实验条件要求较高，需要造价较高的专业声学设 施并且对测试试件也有较严格的限制。因此减少测试环境和试件对测试结果的影 响并提高测试的精度，实现简单测试条件下准确的结构隔声测试对噪声控制工程 有着重要的意义。 本论文对一般测试环境下的结构隔声测试技术进行了理论研究和实验验证。 首先利用波传递法得到了复合板垂直入射隔声量计算公式，运用该公式可以预报 不同材料组合的多层复合板的隔声性能，为复合板隔声结构设计提供了理论指 导。与此同时，研究了运用计算机辅助生成数字化脉冲信号的理论与方法，并通 过实验对理论进行了验证，理论和实验的一致性表明：运用计算机生成的数字化 脉冲信号具有能量足、设计方便、可重复性好的优点，频域特性适合宽频带测试。 文中还运用数字信号处理理论分析了测试系统特性对输入信号的影响，并分别采 用最小平方滤波补偿法、卷积反演补偿法补偿了测试系统特性对输入信号的影 ⅡI匈，解决了系统影响带来的响应不足的问题。在有限尺寸构件的边缘衍射和其它 反射信号对隔声测试的影响方面，文中利用时『白j选择技术成功将有效信号分离， 提高了测试的准确度。最后，对脉冲声隔声测试技术进行了改进并提出了非消声 室环境下的结构隔声测试技术，该技术摆脱了对专业声学设施的依赖，减弱了测 试系统特性对测试结果的影响，实现了对期望频率范围内的宽频带测试，降低了 对测试试件尺寸的要求，可以在简单的测试环境下方便、准确、可重复的对小尺 寸构件的垂直入射隔声性能进行测试。该技术是对结构隔声测试技术的大胆改 进，具有实际应用价值，应用前景宽广。 关键词：复合板，隔卢，脉冲，测试技术 AbstractStrict Abstract Strict experimental codditions and expensiV cf special acoustics apparatus are demanded in traditional structure sound insulation tests．So reduce the eff色ct of the testing enVironment and apparatus to the testing results，improVe the precision and frequency range of the testing，and realize the testing condition simplified but result are exact are important to the noise controUing engineering． The theoretic analysis and experiment Validation of structure sound insulation testing in common enVironment were studied in’this thesis．The sound insulation fornlula of the compound panel was deduced by applying the WaVe Analysis Approach． The sound insulation properties of compound panel that made from different materials could be fbrecasted by applying lhis foHnula，and can supply theoretical conducting fbr Che compound panel strucCure design．The theoreCical and approach to create digitaI impulse signal using the computer were researched in this thesis，and experiment Validafion were also done．The good ag丁eemenl of the Ibeorefical and experimental results showed that：the digital impulse signal had the Virtues of sufncient energy， easy fbr design，good repetition，and suitable for wide band testing．Innuences of the testing system characte“stic on input signal were analy