英语】简单句的讲解.pptVIP

【英语】简单句的五种基本句型 简单句是英语中的基本句子，了解和掌握这五种基本句型对学好英语极为重要。这五种基本句型是：1.主语+不及物动词（主谓结构）本结构是由主语加不及物动词构成，常用来表示主语的动作。此句型中不及物动词的常用法：（1）一般表达型。此类不及物动词常与表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的副词修饰语连用。如：They worked day and night. 他们夜以继日地工作。 （2）主动形式表示被动含义型。此类动词常见的有：read, sell, wash, write, clean等。如：The theatre tickets sold well. 戏票很畅销。This kind of cloth washes well.这种布料很容易洗。 3. 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾结构） 此结构是由主语+谓语+宾语构成。其中的谓语动词须是及物动词(短语),宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。（1）主语+及物动词＋名词或代词(作宾语)如：He raised his arms above his head. 他把手臂举过头顶。 Will you spend your holidays abroad this year? 你今年去国外度假吗? （2）主语+及物动词＋动名词(作宾语)。此类及物动词(短语)有：advise, consider, avoid, mind, miss, suggest, finish, practise, imagine, enjoy, delay, escape, feel like, put off, insist on, give up, can’t help, stick to等。如：I suggested taking a walk. 我建议去散步。You should not give up studying. 你不该放弃学习。 （3）主语+及物动词＋不定式(作宾语)。此类及物动词有：afford, agree, ask, expect, hope, want, wish, manage, pretend, decide, determine, learn, offer, plan, refuse等。如：I hope to go to college. 我希望上大学。The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. 公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。 （4）既可接动名词又可接不定式的及物动词。如：remember to do sth.记住要做某事/remember doing sth.记得曾做过某事；stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事/stop doing sth.停止做某事；forget to do sth.忘记去做某事/forget doing sth.忘了做过某事；regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事/regret doing sth.后悔做了某事；go on to do sth.做完一件事接着做另一件事/go on doing sth.继续做同一件事；try to do sth. 试图做某事/try doing sth.尝试着做某事等。如：Did you remember to feed the birds? 你记着喂鸟了吗？I remember feeding the birds. 我记得已喂了鸟。 4. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（主谓+双宾语结构）此句型中常见的接双宾语的动词：（1）用to变换间接宾语的动词：give, hand, offer, show, throw, pass, pay, send, sell, tell, lend等。如：Could you give me the letter?或Could you give the letter to me? 你能把那封信递给我吗？Can you lend me that book? 或Can you lend that book to me? 你能把那本书借给我吗？ （2）用for变换间接宾语的动词：make, buy, cook, find, get, order, sing, spare, fetch等。如：He bought me a bottle of ink. /He bought a bottle of ink for me. 他为我买了一瓶墨水。 Can you get me some stamps?或Can you get some stamps for me? 你能帮我拿些邮票吗？ 5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（主谓+复合宾语结构