基于VHDL状态机设计的智能交通控灯.docVIP

word格式可编辑 专业资料整理 毕 业 论 文（设 计） 论文（设计）题目：基于VHDL状态机设计的智能交通控灯 撰写日期 2010 年 4 月 摘 要 VHDL主要用于描述数字系统的结构，行为，功能和接口。除了含有许多具有硬件特征的语句外，VHDL的语言形式和描述风格与句法是十分类似于一般的计算机高级语言。VHDL的程序结构特点是将一项工程设计，或称设计实体（可以是一个元件，一个电路模块或一个系统）分成外部（或称可是部分,及端口)和内部（或称不可视部分），既涉及实体的内部功能和算法完成部分。在对一个设计实体定义了外部界面后，一旦其内部开发完成后，其他的设计就可以直接调用这个实体。这种将设计实体分成内外部分的概念是VHDL系统设计的基本点。实现路口交通灯系统控制的方法很多，可以用标准逻辑器件、可编程序控制器PLC、单片机等方案来实现。但是这些控制方法的功能修改及调试都需要硬件电路的支持，在一定程度上增加了设计难度。采用EDA技术，应用VHDL硬件电路描述语言实现交通灯系统控制器的设计，利用MAX+PLUSⅡ集成开发环境进行综合、仿真，并下载到CPLD可编程逻辑器件中，完成系统的控制作用。该灯控制逻辑可实现3种颜色灯的交替点亮、时间的倒计时，指挥车辆和行人安全通行。 关键词：智能交通灯，VHDL，状态机，CPLD Abstract VHDL structural features of the procedure is an engineering design, or design entities (can be a component, a circuit module or a system) into an external (or, but part of, and ports) and internal (or invisible part), both entities involved in the completion of some internal functions and algorithms. The definition of a design entity in the external interface, if after the completion of its internal development, and other design can directly call this entity. Such entities will be designed into the concept of internal and external part of the VHDL design of the basic points。A lot of devices, such as standard logic device, PLC(Programmable Logic Controller), single chip microcomputer, etc,can be used in the design of traffic light system.However,debugging and adjusting the circuits based on these devices require hardware supports.In some sense it complicates the design procedure. In this article, VHDL is applied in designing the system and the logic functions is achieved by CPLD.The code is synthesized,simulated and then downloaded into the CPLD by MAX+PLUS Ⅱ.The control logic of the system can change the color of traffic lights alternately and has the function of countdown,thus it can command vehicles and people on the road. VHDL digital system mainly used to describe the structure, behavi