2018年全国高考英语语法填空专项复习liu.ppt

2018年全国高考英语语法填空 专题复习 永州四中刘斌，新田一中罗亚芳 第一课时 解读高考真题 语法填空就是命题人在预先选好的一篇地道的英语美文中，在保证句子成分、结构和语法等有效解题信息基本完备的基础上，挖去10个空所为。这10个空又根据提示词的有无分为有提示词和无提示词两种，这两种题型究其实质还是对基本语法知识的考查。 题型　语法填空 高考怎么考 考纲解读 该题型把语法放在了语境中进行考查,把对考生的要求由一知半解甚至生搬硬套,提高到了自然、自发地运用语法知识进行表达的水平。这种题型要求考生必须掌握每一个语法项目的基本概念、用法等。 命题特点 最新高考《考试大纲的说明》中对语法填空这一题型的陈述是:在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出10个空白,部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式。也就是说对于无提示词的空只能填1个单词,对于有提示词的空可以填1—3个单词。因此考生在复习语法知识时,要加强对词汇的运用能力,要掌握词形转换、固定短语搭配以及冠词、连词、代词、介词等的用法。 命题规律 【考情分析】 从统计表可以看出，语法填空题主要考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。根据具体语境，借助词法、句法、特殊句式以及固定搭配进行考査，体现了＂考查实词为主，考查虚词为辅＂的命题原则。 （一）2017全国卷解析 1.2017高考全国Ⅰ卷 1.体裁：描述性的说明文。 2.话题（题材）：讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。 3.长度：220词左右。 4.考查：着重考查语篇信息的理解，语法知识在语境中的灵活运用能力。 (2017·全国卷Ⅰ) There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 61.____________ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62.____________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63._________ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64.__________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65._________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66.____________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67.________ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68.________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69.____________ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70.______