具非对称齿形之外齿轮泵设计及性能之研究.doc

具非對稱齒形之外齒輪泵設計及性能之研究 Study on Asymmetric Tooth Profile Design and Performance of the External Gear Pump 研究生：黃釋瑩 Shih-Ying Huang 指導教授：吳育仁 Yu-Ren Wu 【摘要】 現今齒輪泵廣泛用於流體輸送系統中，其係藉由泵殼中一對相互旋轉嚙合之齒輪對，將流體由入口吸入齒間容積，並藉由輪齒之相互嚙合將流體由出口排出。然而，齒輪泵輪齒間的週期性容積變化造成流量波動，且因齒面間、齒輪與泵殼間存有間隙，故會造成流量洩漏損失，而因齒形設計限制將產生齒間封閉容積，而造成齒面點蝕及效率降低。 本文旨在探討具非對稱齒形外齒輪泵之齒形參數與性能指標之關係，主要先採用直接齒輪設計法(Direct Gear Design, DGD)設計非對稱齒輪齒形，此方法係直接給定齒數、節圓齒厚、壓力角及接觸率等主要參數，再計算出其它完整齒形所需之幾何尺寸參數，與傳統之齒條刀創成法相較，在同樣嚙合壓力角基礎下，DGD方法可得到較大的齒輪接觸率，在齒形上也能有更大的設計範圍。接著，分析齒輪泵中一組DGD齒輪的封閉容積在各嚙合階段之接觸位置，將各階段接觸長度轉化為齒輪泵在不同轉角下流量、出口流量波動等性能參數之計算，用以評估各種不同齒輪參數下，該齒輪泵之流體輸送性能。 數值範例證實，當增加齒輪泵齒數、減少接觸率或不對稱係數，能降低出口流量不均勻係數；減少齒數、接觸率或不對稱係數情況下，能減少流量之波動振幅；而增加齒數、接觸率或減少不對稱係數、壓力角，則能提高齒輪泵之平均流量。 關鍵字：直接齒輪設計法、外齒輪泵、非對稱漸開線齒形、波動振幅 【Abstract】 Gear pumps have been widely used in the fluid transmission systems nowadays. Generally, an external gear pump has a pair of gears, which are operated in an operation space in the housing. A sealed volume in the housing is reduced by the gears and the fluid is compressed accordingly as the gears are rotated and engaged with each other. However, the outflow fluctuation may be induced by such a periodic variation of the sealed volume. The flow leakage may also occur because of the clearances between the gears and the housing. Moreover the gear design constraints will form trapped volumes between the gear surfaces and lead to gear pitting and low flow efficiency. This thesis aims to study the relationship between the asymmetric tooth profile parameters of the pump gears and the pump performance indices. The direct gear design (DGD) method is adopted to design the asymmetric gear tooth profile, wherein the tooth number, the circular pitch thickness, the pressure angle and the contact ratio are directly given and then the other geometric parameters can be formulated to depict a fully gear tooth profile. Compared with the traditional rack generating method, the DGD method can obtain the larger contact ratio and wider design range in gear tooth prof