病理生理- 冠状动脉疾病-Coronary Artery Disease,CAD.pptxVIP

Coronary artery disease (CAD) Reporter: Stone (Sijing Peng) Leo (Liangjun Fang ) Jerome (Xinagyang Li ) MAN 212-PATHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS Content Definition What Is Coronary Artery Disease? PART ONE Definition Coronary artery disease (CAD) causes changes in both structure and function of the blood vessels.  Atherosclerotic processes cause an abnormal deposition of lipids in the vessel wall, leukocyte infiltration and vascular inflammation, plaque formation and thickening of the vessel wall.  These changes lead to a narrowing of the lumen (i.e., stenosis), which restricts blood flow. CAD Atherosclerosis Figure A: The location of the heart in the body. Figure B: A normal coronary artery with normal blood flow. The inset image shows a cross-section of a normal coronary artery. Figure C: A coronary artery narrowed by plaque. The buildup of plaque limits the flow of oxygen-rich blood through the artery. The inset image shows a cross-section of the plaque-narrowed artery. Inset Image PART TWO Types of CAD What are the types of CAD? Types of CAD Obstructive coronary artery disease, with narrowed or blocked vessels Non-obstructive coronary artery disease, with arteries that inappropriately constrict or malfunction after branching into tiny vessels, or are squeezed by overlying heart muscle Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), in which the layers of the artery suddenly split The Basis of CAD Classification PART THREE Anatomy Physiology What Are Anatomy Physiology? Anatomy The two main coronary arteries are the left and right coronary arteries. The left coronary artery (LCA), which divides into the left anterior descending artery and the circumflex branch, supplies blood to the heart ventricles and left atrium. The right coronary artery (RCA), which divides into the right posterior descending artery and a large marginal branch, supplies blood to the heart ventricles, right atrium, and sinoatrial node (cluster of cells in the right atrial wall that regulates