经典条件反射操作条件反射.ppt

Presentation theme B Major：Pattern recognition and Intelligent systemName：Du cunling Student numberClassical condition andOperant condition Pavlov and his dog Povlov seems to tell us that only on the stimulus conditions will the animals respond. is that ture? Operant Conditioning Another Experiment learn Learning behavior of people Learn to walk that’s all Thank you for your attention! * Ivan Petrovich Pavlov 1849.9.26~1936.2.17 Pavlov’s initial discovery of what we now call classical conditioning emerged from his earlier studies of digestive reflexes in dogs. Classical Conditioning Pavlov’s method for measuring salivation. One of the dog’s salivary duct is surgically connected to a glass tube. In his experiments, he found that the dogs could be conditioned to produce secretions in response to stimuli that reliably precede the presentation of food. Before conditioning During conditioning After conditioning pepleo’s Classical Conditioning Burrhus Frederic Skinner， 1904—1990 Skinner box On the basis of the previous theories,skinner put forward his own viewpoint about Operant Conditioning .he use the skinner box to prove the viewpoint. Skinner box “Skinner box “ is a cage with a lever or another mechanism in it that the animal can operate it to produce some effect,such as delivery of a pellet of food or a drop of water.because each pellet of food or drop of water is very small,the hungery or thirsty animal makes many responses before becoming satiated. If the cat press the lever,it can get out. Cats usually took less time to escape from the box on successive trials. VS The difference between pavlov and skinner Pavlov says that no stimulus, no response.But Siknner says our most Behavior is operant conditioning,before that response no stimulus is needed at all. How does the rat learn to press a lever for food ? On the enlightenment, what can we do about it? repeat If you want