南昌鼠类种群分布及主要鼠传疾病发生风险的关系研究.PDF

·450 · 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志2010 年10月第21 卷第5 期 Chin J Vector Biol Control, October 2010, Vol.21, No.5 文章编号：1003-4692（2010 ）05-0450-04 【论著】 南昌市鼠类种群分布及主要鼠传疾病 发生风险的关系研究 马红梅，陈海婴，柳小青，郭学俭 【摘要】 目的 了解南昌市不同生境的鼠密度及主要鼠传疾病流行情况，并对鼠传疾病发生的风险进行评估。方法 鼠种调查采用夹夜法，主要鼠传疾病资料来自传染病疫情报告系统；风险评估采用风险评价指数矩阵法。结果 2006 － 2008 年南昌市平均鼠密度为1.03%，褐家鼠为优势种，占52.55% ；其次为小家鼠和黄胸鼠，分别占18.88%和17.35%。3 种 生境中以农村自然村鼠密度最高，达1.83%；其次是特殊行业，为0.89% ；居民区最低，为0.56% 。2006 －2008 年南昌市肾综 合征出血热（HFRS）的年平均发病率为0.68/10 万，3 年未见人间鼠疫及鼠间疫情，未来HFRS 在南昌市发生的风险为很有可 能，鼠疫为有可能发生。结论 科学的风险评估体系，有助于预测疾病发生的风险。 【关键词】 鼠类；种群分布；鼠传疾病；风险 中图分类号：S443 ；R183 文献标志码：A Relationship between rodent population distribution and risks of major rodent ⁃borne diseases in Nanchang MA Hong ⁃ mei, CHEN Hai ⁃ying, LIU Xiao ⁃qing, GUO Xue ⁃jian. Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330038, Jiangxi Province, China 【Abstract 】 Objective To investigate the rat density in different habitats and the prevalence of major rodent ⁃borne diseases in Nanchang, and to assess the risks of occurrence of rodent⁃borne diseases. Methods The rodent species was measured using night traps, and data on major rodent ⁃borne diseases were retrieved from the information reporting system for infectious diseases. Risk assessment was completed using the risk assessment matrix. Results From 2006 to 2008, the average density of rats was 1.03% in Nanchang. Rattus norvegicus was the predominant species, accounting for 52.55%, followed by Mus musculus and R. tanezumi, accounting for 18.88% and 17.35%, respectively. The highest rat density, 1.83%, was observed in natural villages of rural areas among the 3 habitats, followed by that in special sectors, 0.89%; a