课件：基因改造食品之安全性风险评估--高文彦博士.ppt

* * 食品衛生管理法 第一條 為管理食品衛生安全及品質，維護國民健康，特制定本法。 * * * * 一、威脅非目標生物 二、降低生物多樣性 三、基因散佈污染生態 (HGT) 四、產生超級抗性雜草 (HGT) 基因改造食品與生態環境 63 I. 食品安全 Food Safety II. 環境生態 Environmental Safety III. 社會倫理 ELSI (ethical, legal, social issues) IV. 國際貿易 Trade GM作物 – 四大議題 64 一、動物基因在植物裡 二、科學家扮演上帝 三、違反自然 四、生命智財權 基因改造食品與社會倫理 What We Could V. What We Should 65 I. 食品安全 Food Safety II. 環境生態 Environmental Safety III. 社會倫理 ELSI (ethical, legal, social issues) IV. 國際貿易 Trade GM作物 – 四大議題 66 Tuesday, 13 May, 2003 US launches GM trade war The United States - and twelve other agricultural exporting nations - want the EU to repeal its five-year moratorium on GM foods, or face trade sanctions under World Trade Organisation (WTO) rules. 基因改造食品與WTO 67 世界貿易組織 (WTO) GMO 相關協定 食品衛生檢驗與動植物檢疫措施協定Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) 技術性貿易障礙協定 Technical Barrier to Trade (TBT) 基因改造食品與WTO 68 基因改造食品成為主要議題 因為許多國家： 禁止基因改造食品 實施標示制度 有關GMOs之文件數 年度 TBT SPS 1995 1 4 1996 2 1 1997 11 0 1998 11 5 1999 20 2 2000 14 20 2001 25 37 2002 43 74 2003(1-6) 19 43 合計 146 186 基因改造食品與WTO 69 Cartegena Protocol on Biosafety(生物安全議定書) Article 1. Objective The objective of this Protocol is to contribute to ensuring an adequate level of protection in the field of the safe transfer, handling and use of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from modern biotechnology that may have adverse effects on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health, and specifically focusing on transboundary movements. World Trade Organization (WTO) …is the only international organization dealing with the global rules of trade between nations. Its main function is to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible. 基因改造食品、WTO與CBD 11 September 2003 enter into force! 聯合國生物多樣性公約組織 70 GMOs LMOs GMF LMOs ＜ GMOs ＜