AlternativeDisputeResolutionADR替代性纠纷解决办法-AECEN.PPTVIP

Environmental Conflict Resolution and Public Participation 环境冲突解决和公众参与 Steve Wolfson, U.S. EPA Office of General Counsel, ACEAN Regional Meeting, Beijing: December 15, 2007 The Range of “Public Involvement” Processes in EPA Actions and Decisions环保总署行动和决策中“公众参与”流程的范围 The Range of “Public Involvement” Processes in EPA Actions and Decisions环保总署行动和决策中“公众参与”流程的范围 This range of involvement moves from less to greater involvement from left to right 从左至右公众参与范围从大到小 For every action or decision there is an appropriate public involvement process 每一个行动或决策都配以合适的公众参与流程 ECR emphasizes a more collaborative method ECR强调更具合作性的方法 Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)替代性纠纷解决办法（ADR) “any procedure that is used to resolve issues in controversy, including but not limited to, conciliation, facilitation, mediation, fact finding, minitrials, arbitration, and use of ombuds, or any combination thereof” - Administrative Dispute Resolution Act of 1996 “解决争议问题的任何程序，包括但不限于和解，促进，调解，事实认定，非诉公断，行政监察或上述任意程序的组合。” ——1996《行政纠纷解决法》 Why Use ADR – Potential Benefits为什么使用ADR—潜在益处 EPA experience and dispute resolution literature suggest a range of possible benefits including: EPA经验和纠纷解决资料显示ADR有下列好处： Faster resolution of issues 更快解决问题 More creative, satisfying and enduring solutions 更具创造力，更令人满意并且更为持久的解决办法 Reduced transaction costs 减少交易成本 Fostering a culture of respect and trust among the stakeholders 在利益相关方之间创造出一种尊敬和信任的氛围i Improved working relationships 促进工作关系 Increased likelihood of compliance 促进合规的可能性 Broader stakeholder support for EPA programs 为EPA项目争取更广泛的利益相关方的支持 Potentially better environmental outcomes 潜在更好的环境结果 When is ADR Appropriate何时使用ADR Issues are high priority 最为重要的问题 Issues are identifiable and negotiable 问题是可以确认且可以通过谈判解决的 Affected stakeholders can be identified and represented 受影响的利益相关方能够被确认并被代理 Enough time and resources are available 可获得充分的时间和资源 All stakeholders support using the process When is ADR Appropriate何时使用ADR 所有的利益相关方均支持使用这一程序 Maintaining relati