我国公众参与食品和药品安全治理的不足及对策Δ-中国药房.PDF

·药事管理· 我国公众参与食品和药品安全治理的不足及对策Δ ＊ 陈永法 ，覃红艺（中国药科大学国际医药商学院，南京 211198） 中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2016）16-2164-04 DOI 10.6039/j.issn. 1001-0408.2016.16.02 摘 要 目的：健全我国食品和药品安全（简称“食药安全”）公众参与制度、构筑食药安全“社会共治”格局。方法：分析当前我国 公众在参与食药安全治理中存在的问题，借鉴美国、日本、韩国等发达国家在食药安全立法决策、监管执法、纠纷解决3个阶段中 公众参与的成功经验，提出进一步健全我国食药安全公众参与制度的对策和建议。结果与结论：我国在食药安全立法决策阶段的 公众参与仍处于被动地位，公众话语权不强；监管执法阶段公众参与治理意识薄弱、积极性不高；纠纷解决阶段仍未建立公益诉讼 制度。这些问题阻碍了我国食药安全“社会共治”格局的形成。而美国、日本、韩国等发达国家，纷纷通过构建完整的法律体系、强 调政府信息公开透明、健全举报投诉制度和公益诉讼制度等措施，充分保障了公众参与的地位和权利。鉴于此，我国可通过进一 步细化公众参与立法决策的法律法规、重视政府信息公开及反馈、加大公众治理责任意识的宣传、制定科学的食药安全投诉举报 制度、建立公益诉讼制度等方式，健全我国食药安全治理的公众参与制度，促进食药安全“社会共治”格局的形成。 关键词 公众参与制度；食品和药品安全；社会共治 Problems and Countermeasures of Public Participation in the Food and Drug Safety Administration in Chi- na CHEN Yongfa ，QIN Hongyi （School of International Pharmaceutical Business ，China Pharmaceutical University ， Nanjing 211198，China ） ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE ：To perfect public participation system of food and drug safety in China and establish “society multi- governance”of food and drug safety. METHODS ：The problems of public participation in food and drug safety administration were analyzed in China. Referring to the experience of USA ，Japan ，South Korea and other developed countries in stage of food and drug safety legislative decision-making ，regulation and enforcement and dispute settlement ，the countermeasures were put forward to perfect public participation system of food and drug safety. RESULTS CONCLUSIONS ：The public is in a passive position and shows weak right of speech in legislative decision-making stage ；the public is not active and shows weak awareness of partici- pating in management in regulation and enforcement stage ；public interest litigation system in dispute settlement stage has not been established. Those problems impede the generation of “society multi-governance