第2章线性规划简介.pptVIP

第2章 线性规划简介 广州大学地理科学学院 蔡砥 内容 一个例子 线性规划模型 线性规划的基本假设 其它例子 在EXCEL里求解线性规划问题 本章主要参考资料： （1）Hillier/Lieberman. 运筹学导论（第8版）(英文: Introduction to Operations Research). 清华大学出版社, 2006. （2）赵丽君, 马建华. 物流运筹学实用教程. 北京大学出版社，2010.8. 学习重点 线性规划模型的形式和基本要素 线性规划模型的4个基本假设 解的基本概念 技能要求： 会用图解法求解线性规划模型 熟练利用EXCEL输入线性规划模型并求解 一个例子 The Wyndor Glass Co. problem The WYNDOR GLASS CO. produces high-quality glass products, including windows and glass doors. It has three plants. Aluminum（铝） frames and hardware are made in Plant 1, wood frames are made in Plant 2, and Plant 3 produces the glass and assembles（装配） the products. Because of declining earnings, …, to launch 2 new products having large sales potential: Product 1: An 8-foot glass door with aluminum framing Product 2: A 4X6 foot double-hung wood-framed window Product 1 requires some of the production capacity in Plants 1 and 3, but none in Plant 2. Product 2 needs only Plants 2 and 3. The marketing division has concluded that the company could sell as much of either product as could be produced by these plants. However, because both products would be competing for the same production capacity in Plant 3, it is not clear which mix of the two products would be most profitable. Data for the Wyndor Glass Co. problem Variables（变量） Thus, x1 and x2 are the decision variables for the model. To maximize Z is the objective for the model, subject to the restrictions imposed on their values by the limited production capacities available in the three plants. Mathematics Model Graphical Solution 线性规划模型 Common terminology（术语） for linear programming The key terms are resources and activities, where m denotes the number of different kinds of resources that can be used and n denotes the number of activities being considered. Determining this allocation involves choosing the levels of the activities that achieve the best possible value of the overall measure of performance. Linear（线性的） The adjective linear means that all the mathematical functions in this model are