英语语言学概论一.docVIP

《英语语言学概论》一 I. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word beginning with the letter given: 1.?Modern?linguistics?is?descriptive___?rather?than?prescriptive. 2.?Consonants?can?be?described?in?terms?of?places__?of?articulation,?manners?of?articulation,?and?voicing___. 3.?Allophones___?are?variants?of?the?same?phoneme?in?different?phonetic?contexts. 4.?The?smallest?meaningful?unit?of?language?is?called?morpheme___. 5.?According?to?Saussure,?a?linguistic?sign?is?composed?of?signifier_?and?signified__. 6.?General?linguistics?is?based?on?the?view?that?language?as?a?system?composed?of?three?aspects:?sound,?structure_?and?meaning. 7.?Monophthongs?and?diphthongs__?are?two?major?types?of?vowels. 8.?Sequences?that?are?possible?but?do?not?occur?yet?are?called?accidental__?gap,?e.g.?/blik/,?/bilk/,?/klib/,?and?/kilb/. 9.?Meanings_?and?sounds?_?make?up?two?subsystems?of?language. 10.?The?language?used?to?talk?about?language?is?called?metalanguage__. 11.?According?to?M.A.K.?Halliday,?language?plays?three?metafunctions?simultaneously:?the?ideational?function,?the?interpersonal__?function?and?the?textual___?function. 12.?Chinese?is?a?typical?tone___?language.?M?(mother),?m?(hemp)?m?(horse)?m?(scold),?for?example,?are?four?distinguished?words. 13.?The?total?number?of?words?stored?in?the?brain?is?called?lexicon__,?which?can?be?understood?as?a?mental?dictionary. 14.?Words?like?went,?which?is?not?related?in?form?to?indicate?grammatical?contrast?with?the?root,?are?called?suppletives_____.? 15.?Semantics__?is?defined?as?the?study?of?meaning. 16.?Synonym__?are?words?which?have?different?forms?but?similar?meanings. II. Indicate the following statements true or false. Put T for true and F for false in the brackets: (T?) 1. The Swiss linguist de Saussure regarded the linguistic sign as composed of sound image and referent. (F) 2. Chinese is an agglutinating language. (F) 3. Not all vowels are voiced. (F ) 4. If segments appear in the same position but the mutual subs