毕业设计-物理学方法在社会经济问题研究中的应用.docVIP

- PAGE I - 本科毕业设计 （20 届） 物理学方法在社会经济问题研究中的应用 所在学院 专业班级 物理学 学生姓名 学号 指导教师 职称 完成日期 年 月 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I 【摘要】近年来，许多人开始用物理方法解决经济问题，他们更强调对经济数据的实证研究，并把统计物理发展起来的新理论与新方法带进了这一学科：用标度、普遍性、无序受抑系统和自组织系统等概念对金融与经济系统进行分析与建模。公共物品提供问题不仅在现实层面上涉及人类社会的福祉，而且在理论层面上涉及对人类组织及个人行为的研究。对于公共品(也就是“公共物品”、“公共产品”所指涉的范围，它当然不仅仅涉及物品，应该还包括一些服务以及一些无形的财富等）及其提供问题的理论探讨，一直是个热点，并且从中还衍生了一些根本性的理论；反过来，那些根本性的理论也不可避免地多多少少涉及公共品的提供问题。本文通过对前人模型（囚徒困境和农村公共品供给）的理解以及构建新模型进行对公共品博弈中的合作问题的研究。 【关键词】物理经济学；公共品模型；博弈论；农村公共品 【ABSTRACT】 in recent years, many people began to use the physical methods to solve economic problems, they emphasize the empirical research on economic data, and the statistical physics theory and developed a new method of new brought into this subject: use scale inhibition, universality, disorder and self-organization system system for financial and economic system concept modeling and analysis. Public goods provides not only in real level problem involving human social welfare, and in theory of human level involves researching the behavior of organizations and individuals. For public (i.e. public goods, public products refers to the range, it certainly wade, should not on items also include some services and some intangible wealth, etc) and explore the theory provide problem has been a hot spot, and derived from also in some fundamental theory; Conversely, those fundamental theory also inevitably involved more or less. The public offer This article through to previous model (prisoners dilemma and rural public goods supply) understanding and to build the new model of cooperation to public study of game. 【KEYWORDS】physical economics; Public model; Game theory; Rural public goods 目　录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc17775 1 引言 PAGEREF _Toc17775 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc12889 1.1 物理经济学是什么 PAGEREF _Toc12889 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc29451 1.1.1 物理经济学的诞生背景 PAGEREF _Toc29451 1 HYPERLINK \l _