供应链管理权衡.pptVIP

Finding a good solution vs. finding the best solution. Finding solutions to complex problems. Finding solutions to dynamic, stochastic problems. Implementing these solutions. DSS support human decisions Why is inventory control difficult in supply chains? What is a network? What impact does design have? Sequential vs. serial Centralized vs. decentralized systems – what is the impact? Examples: VMI Joint inventories Buyback schemes/ Revenue sharing – video stores Contrast variation between time periods with random differences between time periods. Suggestions for tools and approaches in three slides. What about forecasting? Examples of Sept. 11, Taiwan earthquake What is shown here is how divergent these various forecasts are in relation to real demand. Why?? Because they are developed independently from each other and are dated, and unconnected to each other and the daily fluctuations in the market What is shown here is how divergent these various forecasting are in relation to real demand. Why?? Because they are developed independently from each other and are dated, and unconnected to each other and the daily fluctuations in the market What is shown here is how divergent these various forecasting are in relation to real demand. Why?? Because they are developed independently from each other and are dated, and unconnected to each other and the daily fluctuations in the market Why do we care? *-35 ?大连海事大学交通运输管理学院 杨华龙 最化化的工具与战略 决策支持系统 库存控制 网络设计 物流设计 直接转运 *-35 ?大连海事大学交通运输管理学院 杨华龙 全局优化 什么是全局优化？ 为什么全局优化比局部优化更好？ 供应链目标的冲突是什么？ 实现全局优化的工具和方法是什么？ *-35 ?大连海事大学交通运输管理学院 杨华龙 采购计划 生产计划 配送计划 需求计划 顺序优化 供应合同 / 协作 / 信息系统与决策支持系统 采购计划 生产计划 配送计划 需求计划 全局优化 顺序优化 vs.全局优化 *-35 ?大连海事大学交通运输管理学院 杨华龙 为什么全局优化很困难？ 供应链很复杂 不同环节的目标相互冲突 供应链是一个动态系统 供需双方能力不断变化 系统随时间变化 *-35 ?大连海事大学交通运输管理学院 杨华龙 供应链中的目标冲突 1. 采购 ? 稳定且大量的需求 ? 灵活的交货时间 ? 很少的变化 ? 极大的数量 2. 生产 ? 长期生产 ? 高质量 ? 高生产率 ? 低生产成本 *-35 ?大连海事大学交通运输管理学院 杨华龙 供应链中的目标冲突 3. 仓库 ? 低库存 ? 降低运输成本 ? 快速补货能力 4. 客户 ? 短暂的订货提前期 ? 库存量大