喂食重缘叶马尾藻热水萃取物对于点带石斑和南美白虾免疫及抗病.DOC

PAGE PAGE 2 餵食重緣葉馬尾藻熱水萃取物對於點帶石斑和南美白蝦免疫及抗病能力之影響 The effects of hot-water extract of Sargassum cristaefolium on growth, innate immune responses, and disease resistance of grouper Epinephelus coioides and shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei 研究生：高良華 Liang-Hua Gao 指導教授：翁韶蓮 Wong, Saou-Lien 【摘要】 以添加不同濃度重緣葉馬尾藻熱水萃取物0、0.5、1及2 gkg-1 之飼料餵飼點帶石斑 (Epinephelus coioides)，評估其對成長之影響及對病原感染之抵抗力與免疫力。結果顯示，在成長方面，石斑魚餵飼添加重緣葉馬尾藻熱水萃取物之飼料可顯著增進點帶石斑飼料轉換率，在飼料效益分析部份，相對增重率以及每日增重量亦顯著提高。在感染試驗部份，以Streptococcus sp.和iridovirus感染點帶石斑後，2 g kg-1處理組之點帶石斑存活率在第9天明顯高於控制組。在免疫因子部份，超氧離子、超氧歧化酵素、吞噬活性、血清溶菌酶活性、補體替代路徑在第9天則明顯增加。因此，重緣葉馬尾藻熱水萃取物應用於飼料中，可增進點帶石斑的飼料效益和成長表現，且提升石斑魚免疫能力，強化其對Streptococcus spp.和iridovirus感染之抵抗力。 添加重緣葉馬尾藻熱水萃取物0、0.5、1及2 g kg-1之飼料餵飼白蝦 (Litopenaeus vannamei) 後，以總血球、酚氧化酵素活性、超氧離子含量、超氧歧化酵素、以及對溶藻弧菌感染之吞噬、清除能力、抵抗能力來評估其對白蝦免疫之影響。結果顯示，白蝦餵飼重緣葉馬尾藻熱水萃取物2 g kg-1之飼料，酚氧化酵素活性、超氧陰離子以及吞噬、清除能力皆顯著提升且提高對溶藻弧菌感染之存活率。使用重緣葉馬尾藻熱水萃取物濃度2 g kg -1可誘發免疫調節及增強免疫能力增加白蝦對溶藻弧菌感染之抵抗力。 關鍵字：南美白蝦；點帶石斑魚；非特異性免疫；重緣葉馬尾藻。 【Abstract】 The growth, the non-specific immune responses, and the resistance of E. coiodes to bacterial and virus infection were evaluated after feeding the diets contain the probiotic, hot-water extract of S. cristaefolium. In the feed conversion ratio, relative gain weight rate, and daily gain weight, hot-water extract of S. cristaefolium at E. coiodes fed with the diets containing 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg -1 of S. cerevisiae increase significantly. The survival rates of 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg -1 at 9 th day were significant higher than the control group after infecting with Streptococcus spp. and iridovirus. The results of immune responses shows that respiratory burst, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, phagocytic activity, lysozyme activity and ACH50 increased significantly after 9 days of dietary administration of hot-water extract of S. cristaefolium. Therefore, the applications of hot-water extract of S. cristaefolium to diets are capable to increase the efficiency of diets and growth, and to enhance the immunity and the r