水槽试验与FLOW-3D于垂直跌水冲刷之探讨-中华水土保持学会.PDF

188 中華水土保持學報, 48(4): 188-197 (2017) Journal of Chinese Soil and Water Conservation, 48 (4): 188-197 (2017) DOI: 10.29417/JCSWC.201712_48(4).0004 水槽試驗與 FLOW-3D 於垂直跌水沖刷之探討 * 何晧愷 劉柏巖 黃宏斌 摘 要 水流通過防砂壩或固床工後形成跌水，流動過程中高位能轉換成動能衝擊下游溪床形成沖刷坑，因 而經常導致壩趾基礎淘空或是護坦受損，進而危害構造物安全。本研究藉 FLOW-3D 模擬垂直跌水之沖刷， 並與水槽試驗做比較，將包含水理參數之沖刷坑因子納入壩體基礎深度設計考量，以提供未來防砂工程及消 能設施規劃設計參考。 關鍵詞：防砂壩、垂直跌水、FLOW-3D 。 Scour from Vertical Drop through Flume Experiment and FLOW-3D * Hao-Kai Ho Po-Yen Liu Hung-Pin Huang ABSTRACT Potential energy converted into kinetic energy through a vertical drop at the check dam or ground sill invariably attacks the creek bed and forms a scour hole. This phenomenon results in the removal of the base of a hydraulic structure or damage to the apron, and affects the safety of the structure. This study uses FLOW-3D software to simulate the dimension of the scour holes below a vertical drop, and compares this with the results of flume experi- ments. The inclusion of the scour factor with hydraulic parameters in the foundation depth of the check dam could be pertinent information for the design of energy dissipation facilities in the future. Key Words: Check dam, vertical drop, FLOW-3D. 一、前 言 子，探討垂直跌水之沖刷行為，並將沖刷坑因子納入壩體基礎 深度設計之考量。另外，因局部沖刷問題無法以定床模式來模 由於台灣地形陡峻、地質脆弱、河川短促颱風暴雨頻繁， 擬，而動床模式多以一維或二維為主，對於垂直跌水之複雜三 為防止颱風豪雨造成下游地區洪水或土石災害，上游集水區常 維流場與沖刷淤積問題，以 FL