被动语态PPT课件.ppt

一、主动语态变被动语态 二、英语被动句表达形式 三、It?is?said?that +从句及其他类似句型 四、被动句的使用场合 五、被动语态的语篇功能 一、主动语态变被动语态 变主动为被动 将下列句子变为被动句 1.We gave the student some books. The student was given some books. Some books were given to the student. 2.His father bought him a computer last week. He was bought a computer by his father last week. A computer was bought for him by his father last week. ? 注意：用直接宾语作被动语态的主语时，通常要在间接宾语前加上适当的介词(如to, for, of等)，以加强间接宾语的语气。 They awarded him the Nobel Prize. ? The Nobel Prize was awarded（to）him. The host had caught us some fish. Some fish had been caught for us by the host. （for不可省） 3.All the villagers painted the houses white. The houses were painted white by all the villagers. 4.They kept us waiting for a long time. We were kept waiting for a long time. 5.They said that he had gone abroad to study English. 他们说他出国学英语去了。 It was said that he had gone abroad to study English. 据说他出国学英语去了。 6.We haven't decided when we should go camping. It hasn't been decided when we should go camping. 7. Nobody can lift this stone. 正：The stone can not be lifted by anybody. 误：The stone can be lifted by nobody. 8. They haven’t done anything to make the river clean. Nothing has been done to make the river clean. 二、英语被动句表达形式 结构被动句 1、英语结构被动句 在英语中，被动意义的表达使用最普遍的是带有标志性的被动语态。 The book was read. （动作的执行者未知或没有必要提及） The fish was eaten by cat. （动作的执行者被强调） 注意： 1） by作为被动语态标志性的词语，并不总是引出施动者， 也可以表达方式或原因。 A policeman is recognized by his uniform. 警察可以从穿着的制服上辨认出来。 2）在英语中，with词组也可以引出施动者，但不能与表示人的名词搭配。 I was struck with an idea. 我突然想到了一个主意。 The mountain is covered with snow. 2、意义被动句 一些形式上主动但意义上被动的无标记被动句 1）动词通常是形式上主动但表达的却是被动意义 The book is selling well. The song sounds nice. 2）少数的动词后加及物动词ing形式，具有被动意义，如need, require, want, worth等。 The flowers need watering. My shoes require mending. 意义被动句1. 谓语动词用主动表被动 1)某些连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动，因为连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式： Your idea sounds a good one. 2)当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动