高考定语从句详解+练习.docxVIP

--专业文档-可编辑-- -- 定语从句 一、基本概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 定语从句所修饰的词叫 先行词 ；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句 之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。引导定语从句的 关系代词 有： that, who, whom, whose, which; 关系 副词 有： when, where, why. 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 对于定语从句的理解： 1.定语从句是由一个句子做定语修饰某个名词或代词 2.被修饰的这个名词或代词在从句 中又要充当一定成份。 可以把定语从句理解成是两个句子的合并。如果两个句子有交叉（相同）部分，则可以把这个交叉的部分做成被修饰成份，构成一个含有定语从句的句子，如： 原句： My younger brother is an artist, and he is good at Chinese art. My younger brother who is good at Chinese art is an artist. The firemen haven ’ t managedput toout the fire; the fire broke out at 5 a.m. The firemen haven’ t managed to put out the fire which broke out at 5 a.m. The president will visit our school, and it is very exciting. → The president will visit our school, whi ch is very exciting. 二、关系词的用法： 一句话语法：关系代词在从句中＝先行词， whose 除外， whose ＝先行词所有格 关系代词 who（指人）， that（指人和物） ,which（指物），作主语 。 例句 :I thank the woman. She helped me. I thank the womanhelped me. I thank the womanhelped me. 例句 : Did you hear about the earthquake? It happened in San Francisco last week. a. Did you hear about the earthquakehappened in San Francisco last week? b. Did you hear about the earthquake happened in San Francisco last week? 你听说上星期在旧金山发生的地震了吗？ 2. 关系代词 who(whom) （指人）， that（指人和物） ,which（指物） 在从句中修饰、指代人或事物，在从句中 作 宾语 . Whom 是宾格形式，常用于较正式的英语中。 who 和 that,which 常用于口语和非正式的英语中。在口语和非 正式英语中更多的情况下，作动词宾语的关系代词 常被省略 。 例句 : The man told me to come back. I saw him in the office. The man I saw in the office told me to come back. The man I saw in the office told me to come back. The manI saw in the office told me to come back. The manI saw in the office told me to come back. 我在办公室见到的那位男士叫我回去。 例句 : The movie wasn ’tvery good. We saw it last night. a. The movie we saw last night wasn’ t very good. b. The movie we saw last night wasn ’ t very good. c. The movi