环氧树脂基复合材料增韧改性研究-材料学专业论文.docxVIP

邓晓琴工程硕士学位论文 邓晓琴工程硕士学位论文 摘要 摘要 环氧树脂以其优良的综合性能，在许多领域得到了广泛的应用。 但因其脆性大，耐冲击性差且容易开裂等缺点，在很大程度上限制了 它在那些需要高抗冲击及抗断裂性能场合下的应用。因此，对环氧树 脂的增韧化研究具有十分重要的应用价值。 本文主要从两个方面对环氧树脂基复合材料进行增韧改性。首先 是合成一种新的固化剂，通过复配对传统固化剂进行改性；其次是采 用原位聚合方法，以联苯二酚等为原料得到聚氨酯／环氧树脂共混体 系。再将两者合理的配比制备出综合性能优异的环氧树脂基复合材 料。利用傅立叶红外光谱(IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法考 察了所制备材料的综合性能，并对其增韧机理进行了分析。 试验结果表明： ①当自制固化剂添加量为固化剂总量的50％时，体系的力学性能 达到最佳效果。其中冲击强度最高可提高346．5％；拉伸强度可提高 73．O％；弯曲强度可提高31．1％；弯曲模量可提高21．7％。 ②以联苯二酚等为原料，合成中间产物介晶二醇，当介晶二醇用 量为环氧树脂的6％、与TDI摩尔比为1：2、反应时间为2．5 h的条 件下，共混材料的冲击强度提高了187．9％，弯曲强度提高了4．7％， 拉伸强度提高了19．5％。聚氨酯／环氧树脂体系为均相体系，其热性 能也得以显著提高。 ③通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对所制备环氧树脂基复合材料进 行微观分析，我们发现原位聚合所制备的聚氨酯／环氧树脂体系相容 性好，其增韧机理属于微裂纹一剪切带、微裂纹路径的偏移和微裂纹 支化的共同作用机理。 关键词环氧树脂，固化剂，原位聚合，聚氨酯，增韧 ABSTRACTEpoxy ABSTRACT Epoxy resin has been widely applied in many field due to its excellent properties．However,the brittleness and the low impact resistance limit its application in the circumstances which need high impact resistance and great rigidity．So the research of strenghened and toughened epoxy resin has very practical value． The studying bases on two aspects．Firstly,we synthesize a new sort of,,poxy agent．We chan the 9erty of tradition epoxy resin curing agent We tlae property OI traaluon curing change agent by regulating the addition of the self-made curing agent．Secondly， we adopt the method of in—situ polymerization by using hydroquinone et．as raw material，after reaction a new composite of polyurethane／epoxy resin was got．Then the excellent epoxy resin matrix material iS got through a best mixture ratio of the two substances．The properties were investigated by IR and SEM，the toughening mechanism is studied also． The results are as follows： 1、When addition of new．synthesized curing agent reaches 50％of the total curing agent，the mechanical properties of the composite is best．The impact resistance can be improved as high as 346．5％，the tensile strength improved 73．O％，the flexural strength improved 3 1．1％，and the flexural modulus improved 2 1．7％． 2、The inte