流行过程发展的某些规律.pptxVIP

六 流行过程发展的某些规律流行过程的表现形式：散发性地方流行型流行性大流行流行过程的季节性和周期性流行过程的季节性流行过程的周期性小结散发性：疾病发生无规律性，随机发生，局部地区病例呈个别地、零星地散在发生，称为散发。出现散发的原因可能有：畜群对某病的免疫水平较高某些病的隐性感染比例较大某病的传播需要一定的条件地方流行性：在一定的地区和畜群中，带有局限性传播特征的，并且呈比较小规模流行的家畜传染病。（即病的发生有一定的地区性）。地区性有两方面含义：一定地区一个较长的时间呈发病的数量稍微超过散发性包括地区性的含义流行性：是指在一定时间内一定畜群出现比寻常多的病例。爆发：一般认为，某种传播病在一个畜群单位或一定地区范围内，在短期间突然出现很多的病例。（确切，大致同义于流行性。）大流行：呈一种规模非常大的流行。流行范围可扩大至全国，甚至可涉及几个国家或整个大陆。历史上出现过的大流性：如口蹄疫、牛瘟、流感。流行过程的季节性：某些动物传染病经常发生于一定的季节，或在一定的季节出现发病率显著上升的现象。其原因主要有：季节对病原体在外界环境中存在和散播的影响：如口蹄疫、炭疽季节对活的传播媒介的影响。如日本乙型脑炎，季节对家畜活动和抵抗力的影响。如寒冬初春，呼吸道传染病。流行过程的周期性：在某些家畜传染病如口蹄疫，牛流行性热等，经过一定的间隔时期（常以数年计算）还可能表现出再度流行。其原因主为经过一定时间后由于免疫力逐渐消失所致，其在大家畜（如牛马）中表现明显。了解和掌握动物传染病流行过程的某些规律，采取适当措施，加强防疫，消毒、杀虫等工作，改善饲养管理，增强机体抵抗力，有计划做好预防接种等，以预防和控制传染病的流行。FREE PPT TEMPLATESINSERT THE TITLEOF YOUR PRESENTATION HEREALLPPT.com _ Free PowerPoint Templates, Diagrams and Charts Click to add titleFree PPT Templates - Widescreen(16:9)This PowerPoint Template has clean and neutral design that can be adapted to any content and meets various market segments. With this many slides you are able to make a complete PowerPoint Presentation that best suit your needs. This PowerPoint Template has clean and neutral design that can be adapted to any content and meets various market segments. With this many slides you are able to make a complete PowerPoint Presentation that best suit your needs.This PowerPoint Template has clean and neutral design that can be adapted to any content and meets various market segments. With this many slides you are able to make a complete PowerPoint Presentation that best suit your needs.Click to add titleFree PPT Templates - Widescreen(16:9)This PowerPoint Template has clean and neutral design that can be adapted to any content and meets various market segments. With this many slides you are able to make a complete PowerPoint Presentation that best suit your needs. This PowerPoint Template has clean and neutral design that can be adapted to any content and meets various market segments. With this many slid