加载短路钉微带天线的理论分析-电磁场与微波技术专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 传统微带天线由于重量轻、体积小、可共形等优点，已得到广泛应用。 然而在某些特定场合(如移动无线通信等)，由于工作频率低、波长较大，传统 微带天线仍然难以满足应用要求。目前人们已经研究了多种形式的小型化微带 天线，其中加载短路钉由于制造工艺比较简单，较为实用。但是对加载短路钉 的微带天线研究和设计仍停留在数值分析与实验测试相结合阶段，费时费力。 目前还没有找到一种比较简单的理论分析方法。 本文从腔模法出发，结合叠加原理，提出了一种较为简单的分析加载短路钉微 带天线的方法，从理论上分析了加载短路钉微带天线的内部电磁场分布、谐振 特性、阻抗特性，辐射特性等参数，并给出以加载单个短路钉矩形微带天线的 计算实例。理论分析和计算结果表明：1)加载短路钉后会产生一个新的、低 于原未加载短路钉微带天线主模工作频率的谐振频率；2)短路钉上电流与同 轴馈电上电流的比值和微带天线的谐振频率吻合；3)并且随着短路钉向边缘 (或者角尖)靠近，最低谐振频率会进一步降低，在天线边缘处获得谐振频率的 最小值：4)微带天线的谐振频率由本文定义的微带天线的频变电容和频变电 感决定；5)该谐振频率对应的天线辐射方向图具有水平全向性。最后，将本 文方法得到的结果和矩量法软件IE3D仿真的结果进行对比，比较结果证明了本 文方法的有效性。 [关键词]微带天线，短路钉，腔模法，叠加原理 ABSTRACTDue ABSTRACT Due the outstanding advantages，including lighter weight and lower profile and conforrnal configuration，microstrip have been applied broad fields of microwave Howeverin some cases，such mobile communication．eonventional configuration of MSA hardly meet the engineering requirements，especially lower frequency because of the relative larger wavelength．Extensive researches have been carried the miniaturized MSA far．Among them，the shorting-pin loaded MSA technique iS attractive because of itS simple structure．However,current researches based numerical analysis and experimental measurement，and simple methods unavailable． A simple method，derived from cavity-model—expansion well the princiF}le of superposition，is first presented here analyze and explain the characteristics of shorting—pin loaded MSA．such electromagnetic field distribution and resonance and impedance and radiation．Then calculation of single shorting-pin loaded rectangular MSA is given．髓e present results show：1)loaded with shoaing-pin，a Ilew frequency which is lower thaJl that of the dominant mode of unloaded MSA，2)the ratio flowing the shorting—pin coaxial feed probe greatly effects the low frequenc y，3)the lower the new resonant行equency,the the position ofshorting-pin the edge／comer ofthe MSA， and it reaches the minimum its edge／comer,4)the new resonant行equency is determined by the frequency．variational capacitan