扣件式钢管模板支架的试验和数值模型研究.docx

第 27 卷增刊 II Vol.27 Sup.II 工 程 力 学 2010 年 12 月 Dec. 2010 ENGINEERING MECHANICS 280 文章编号：1000-4750(2010)Sup.II-0280-04 扣件式钢管模板支架的试验和数值模型研究 胡长明1，*曾凡奎2 (1. 西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院，西安 710055；2. 青岛农业大学建筑工程学院，青岛，山东 266109) 摘 要：目前模板支架的设计计算理论尚不完善，模板支架的安全使用难以保证，导致近年来模板支架的坍塌事 故时有发生。该文对模板支架进行足尺试验研究，得到其极限承载力和失稳模式，发现模板支架在竖向荷载作用 时，由于杆件缺陷和节点特性，横杆和剪刀撑仍然承受一定的内力，并提出了广义初始缺陷的概念。在数值计算 时，采用通用有限元软件ANSYS根据试验中的模板支架建立三维杆系计算模型，将广义初始缺陷等效为假想水平 力，进行非线性稳定承载力分析，试验和数值分析结果表明：在进行模板支架的计算时应该考虑广义初始缺陷对 结构稳定性的影响，也表明建立的三维有限元模型是合理的，为开展系统的研究打下了良好的基础。 关键词：模板支架；足尺试验；有限元分析；半刚性；广义初始缺陷 中图分类号：TU755.2 文献标识码：A A STUDY OF EXPERIMENT AND NUMERICAL MODEL ON COUPLER STEEL TUBE FALSEWORK HU Chang-ming1 , *ZENG Fan-kui2 (1. School of Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; 2. College of Architectural Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109) Abstract: Due to the imperfections in calculation theory of a falsework design, it is difficult to ensure safety in its application, and consequently, occasional collapses of falsework arise. The paper makes a full-scale experimental study on falsework, obtains the limited bearing capacity and the instability mode, finds that when falsework is under the vertical load, the horizontal pole and scissors bar still bear a certain degree of internal forces owing to the imperfections of members and properties of nodes, and presents the concept of a generalized initial imperfection. In the numerical calculations, the study adopts the general finite element software ANSYS to set up a three-dimensional trussing calculation model on the basis of the experimental falsework, makes the generalized initial imperfection equivalent to the imaginary horizontal force and analyzes the nonlinear stability capacity. The experimental and analytical results show that the influences of the generalized initial imperfections on the structural stability should be taken into consideration in calculating falsework, and it is justifiable t