双相不锈钢脉冲激光焊接焊缝金属显微组织的发展 毕业论文外文翻译.doc

PAGE PAGE 8 英文原文 Development of Weld Metal Microstructures in Pulsed Laser Welding of Duplex Stainless Steel F. Mirakhorli, F. Malek Ghaini, and M.J. Torkamany (Submitted October 30, 2011) The microstructure of the weld metal of a duplex stainless steel made with Nd:YAG pulsed laser is investigated at different travel speeds and pulse frequencies. In terms of the solidi?cation pattern, the weld microstructure is shown to be composed of two distinct zones. The presence of two competing heat transfer channels to the relatively cooler base metal and the relatively hotter previous weld spot is proposed to develop two zones. At high overlapping factors, an array of continuous axial grains at the weld centerline is formed. At low overlapping factors, in the zone of higher cooling rate, a higher percentage of ferrite is transformed to austenite. This is shown to be because with extreme cooling rates involved in pulsed laser welding with low overlapping, the ferrite-to-austenite transformation can be limited only to the grain boundaries. Keywords duplex stainless steel, microstructure, pulsed laser welding, solidi?cation Introduction 　　Duplex stainless steels (DSS) are widely used in petro- chemical and chemical processings because of the combination of corrosion resistance and advantageous mechanical proper- ties. The wrought alloys microstructure at room temperature is composed of austenite and ferrite phases (Ref 1, 2). However, the microstructure resulting from a fusion welding process can be signi?cantly different because of the cooling rates involved (Ref 3-5). Figure 1 depicts a typical DSS alloy that would solidify completely into ferrite and then, while cooling through solid state transformation, it partially transforms into austenite (Ref 1, 2). Considering the comparatively higher cooling rates involved in welding processes, the weld metal and the HAZ microstructure could contain higher amounts of ferrite phase than the base metal. This al