马铃薯种植技术.pptVIP

2、环腐病 防治黑痣病/茎溃疡的最好方法是在播种时喷施阿米西达,用量38ml/mu,兑水进行喷施,可取到事半功倍的效果 4、Black Scurf (Rhizoctonia solani) Symptoms黑痣病/茎溃疡 Black scurf (dark sclerotia) are observed on the surface of mature tubers 成熟薯块上可以观察到黑痣（黑色菌丝） Sclerotia adhere tightly to the tuber but do not cause damage 菌丝紧紧缠在薯块上但不会造成损害 Cracking, malformation, pitting and stem end necrosis may also be seen 还可以看到破裂，畸形，蚀斑以及茎端坏死 Black Scurf (Rhizoctonia solani): Disease Cycle 黑痣病病害循环 The fungus survives in decomposing plant tissue, on tubers or free in soil 病菌在腐烂植物组织，薯块上或者土壤中存活 After green leaves develop on sprouts, stem tissues are less susceptible to infection 植株出苗叶片长成后，茎部就不那么容易受侵染了 Sclerotia do not form and grow in storage, and there is no increase in tuber storage rot 菌丝在仓储中不生长，从而不会增加薯块的腐烂 Control of Black Scurf (Rhizoctonia solani)黑痣病/茎溃疡 Plant disease–free tubers 种植无病种薯 Where possible, encourage rapid plant emergence in spring to minimize shoot and stolon damage 尽可能使快速出苗，减少芽和匍匐茎的损害 Plant seed tubers in warm soil 在温度高的土壤中种植 Cover with as little soil as possible 尽量少盖土壤 Practice crop rotation 轮作 Harvest tubers as soon as possible after vines are killed 杀秧后尽快收获 Apply fungicide to tubers to suppress tuber-borne inoculum 施用杀菌剂（适乐时，阿米西达,F500），抑制病菌 Black Scurf (Rhizoctonia solani) Symptoms黑痣病/茎溃疡的症状 The fungus attacks underground sprouts before they emerge from the soil 出苗前，病菌侵害地下的薯芽 Black Scurf (Rhizoctonia solani) Symptoms 黑痣病/茎溃疡的症状 Stolons stems may also be attacked later in the season 在生长季节后期，匍匐茎和地上茎也会被侵害 Lesions may be superficial, with no impact on plant growth or may cause stolon or stem death 病斑可能轻，不至于对生长造成影响，也可以导致茎的死亡 Cankers on stolons and stems interfere with the translocation of starch from leaves to tubers 茎部的溃疡阻碍定粉从叶部转移到薯块 Tubers forming on diseased stolons may be deformed相应的薯块会变形 Small green tubers (aerial tubers) may form on the stem above the soil 相应会产生气生薯－绿色小薯 5、Fusarium Dry Rot (Fusarium solani/ F. roseum) 马铃薯干腐病 Causes a dry rot of the tuber 导致薯块的干腐 May develop following an inj