Templates课件.ppt

Templates Zhen Jiang West Chester University zjiang@wcupa.edu 精品文档 Outline 11.1 Introduction11.2 Function Templates11.3 Class Templates 精品文档 11.1 Introduction Templates Function templates Specify entire range of related (overloaded) functions Function-template specializations Class templates Specify entire range of related classes Class-template specializations 精品文档 11.1 Introduction 7 5 ptr data1 data2 int main() { int data1=7,data2=5,*p; p=data1; cout *p; //remove pointer from i p=data2; cout *p; return 0; } // end main By using integer pointer p, we can access any integer. connection to any integer operations on that integer (integer) pointer provides general operation (on integers) 精品文档 11.1 Introduction function data1 data2 provides general function (or class) on different data structure class 精品文档 11.2 Function Templates Overloaded functions Similar operations Different types of data Function templates Identical operations Different types of data Single function template Compiler generates separate object-code functions Type checking 精品文档 11.2 Function Templates Function-template definitions Keyword template List formal type parameters in angle brackets ( and ) Each parameter preceded by keyword class or typename class and typename interchangeable template class T template typename ElementType template class BorderType, class FillType Specify types of Arguments to function Return type of function Variables within function 精品文档 Print declared virtual. It will be virtual in all derived classes. 1 // Fig.?11.1: fig11_01.cpp 2 // Using template functions. 3 #include iostream 4 using std::cout; 5 using std::endl; 6 7 // function template printArray definition 8 template class T 9 void printArray( const T *array, const int count ) 10 { 11 for ( int i = 0; i count; i++ ) 12 cout array[ i ] ; 13 14 cout endl; 15 16 } // end function printArray 17