自动化专业英语教材.pdf

Lesson 1 Analog Amplifiers At the most basic level, a signal amplifier does exactly what you expect – it makes a signal bigger! However, the way in which it is done does vary with the design of the actual amplifier, the type of signal, and the reason why we want to enlarge the signal. [1] We can illustrate this by considering the common example of a “Hi-Fi” audio system. In a typical modern Hi-Fi: system, the signals will come from a unit like a CD player, FM tuner, or a Tape/Minidisk unit. The signals they produce have typical levels of the order of 100 mV or so when the music is moderately loud. This is a reasonably large voltage, easy to detect with something like an oscilloscope or a voltmeter. However, the actual power levels of these signals are quite modest. Typically, these sources can only provide currents of a few milliamps, which by P ＝VI means powers of just a few milliwatts. A typical loudspeaker will require between a few Watts and perhaps over 100 Watts to produce loud sound. Hence we will require some form of Power Amplifier (PA) to “boost” the signal power level from the source and make it big enough to play the music. Fig. 1.1 shows four examples of simple analog amplifier stages using various types of device. In each case the a.c. voltage gain will usually be approximated by