水塘静水冰生消过程及冰盖演变的原型试验.pdfVIP

第36卷第4期 水 利 水 电科 技 进 展 2016年7月 Vol.36 No.4 Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources Jul. 2016 DOI:10.3880/ j.issn.1006 7647.2016.04.005 水塘静水冰生消过程及冰盖演变的原型试验 石慧强,冀鸿兰 (内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特  010018) 摘要:为研究静水冰生消过程及冰盖演变规律,于2014 年 11 月中旬至2015 年3 月中旬对内蒙古 自治区托克托县南湖水塘的冰情变化进行原型试验,研究不同时段气温、不同水深对静水冰生消过 程、冰盖演变及水温分布、冰面温度的影响。 试验结果表明:气温是影响静水冰情的主要因素,在冰 盖增长期,冰厚与累积日均负气温线性相关;冰盖不稳定变化期和消融后期,冰厚及冰盖增长率主 要受时段气温影响;水深对最大冰厚和冰融化消失时间有影响,对冰盖演变过程的影响不明显;气 温变化对表层水温的影响较大,对深层水温的影响相对较小;冰面温度与气温变化同步。 关键词:静水冰;生消过程;冰盖演变;原型试验;水深;气温;水温 中图分类号:TV882.9      文献标志码:A      文章编号:1006 7647(2016)04 0025 06 Prototype experimental study on growth and decay processes of ice in still water and evolution of ice cover/ / SHI Huiqiang,JIHonglan (Collegeof Water Conservancy and CivilEngineering,InnerMongoliaAgricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China) Abstract:In order to investigate the growth and decay processes of ice in still water and the evolution of ice cover,a prototype experiment was carried out to study the ice regime in the Nanhu Pond inTuoketuo County,in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regionduringtheperiodfromthemiddleof November2014 tothemiddleof March2015. Theinfluenceof air temperature in differentperiodsandwater depthonthegrowth anddecay processesof icein stillwater,theevolutionof ice cover,water temperature distribution,and temperature at the ice surfacewere studied. The experimental results show that the air temperature was the main factor that influences the regime of ice in still water. The ice thickness was linearly correlatedwiththeaccumulateddaily meannegativetemperatureduringthegrowthperiodof theicecover. The slopeof the increasing of ice thickness and ice cover during the unstable