课件：骨折概论英文版本陈芒芒.ppt

概 念 X 线 片 治疗与预后 延迟愈合 骨折经治疗，超过平均愈合时间，未愈合 骨折线明显骨折端无硬化 有愈合可能去除原因、延长时日可愈合 不愈合 骨折经治疗，超过平均愈合时间，未愈合 骨折线明显骨折端萎缩光滑，髓腔封闭 没有愈合可能一般需要手术治疗 畸型愈合 已经愈合 骨折线模糊或消失 影响功能需要手术矫正 delayed union ： The ends of the fracture is not ossified nonunion： For a period of time ,the ends of the fracture is sealed。 malunion： Did not meet the requirements of function restoration ,operation. THANK YOU THANK YOU SUCCESS * * 可编辑 四、fragment displacement Relatement: force is big/small;,the direction /character of the force 。 The weight of the distal body。 Pull force of the muscles。 Transfer/treatment is not proper. 四、 fragment displace The most common types ?angular displacement?lateral displacement?shorten displacement?separation displacement? rotating displacement Section 2:clinical manifestation and x ray examimation General menifestation shock Could be：serious open fracture,pelvis fracture cause：Extensive soft tissue contusion 、Severe pain 、bleeding、Visceral injury fever Hematoma,body temperature less than 38℃ local menifestation usual manifestations： pain、swelling 、obstacle 。 Special signs ： deformity; abnormal?movement; bony crepitus One of above 3=fracture A question? Xray examination Have an important value of diagnosis and treatment ,so Routinely?to take the x-ray. AP-Xray,LP-Xray(contain adjacent joints ) Compared with the contralateral limb if necessary section3 complication （一）early complication shock fat embolism syndrome Visceral injury(Lung, liver, spleen, bladder, urethra, rectum ) Important surrounding tissue damage （blood vessel、surrounding nerve、spinal nerve cord injury） bonefascial compartment syndrome （Common in the calves and forearm ） （二）later complication Hypostatic pneumonia bedsore Deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs infection（pyogenic osteomyelitis ） THANK YOU SUCCESS * * 可编辑 （二） later complication Traumatic ossification traumatic arthritis arthroclisis? ischemic contraction ischemic necrosis is