鲁教版九年级英语上导学案(五四制)新课标第一网提供Unit4 When was it invented知识点总结.docVIP

Unit 4 When was it invented? 知识点总结 重点、难点、考点及疑点注释1.? They’re used for seeing in the dark. (P69)它们被用于在黑夜里观看。be used for表示“被用来做……”，介词for表示目的和用途，后面接名词或动词-ing形式。Wood can be used for making paper.木材可以被用来造纸。知识拓展含有be used的常用短语：◎be used as表示“被用作……”，介词as意思是“作为”的意思，其后一般接名词，强调使用的工具及手段。This book can be used as a textbook.这本书可以当作教科书来用。◎be used by表示“被……使用”，by后接动作的执行者。This kind of machine is used by farmers for getting in crops.农民们用这种机器来收割庄稼。2.? I think the most helpful invention is the light bulb. (P70)我认为最有用的发明是灯泡。helpful是由名词help加上-ful后缀构成的形容词，意为“有帮助的”，类似的形容词还有：thank—thankful (感谢的，感激的)??????? grate—grateful(感谢的，感激的)use—useful (有用的)??????? wonder—wonderful(令人惊奇的)forget—forgetful (健忘的)???????? success—successful(成功的)beauty—beautiful (美丽的)???????? pain—painful(疼痛的)3.? I’d like to have a radio because I could listen to music all day. (P70)我想有一个收音机，这样我就可以整天听音乐了。本句中的情态动词could用来表示逻辑上或理论上的可能性，而不是某种实际上将要发生或正在发生的可能性。Anybody could make mistake.任何人都可能犯错误。The weather here could be very cold in winter. 冬天这儿的天气很冷。特别提示could也表示人或动物的内在能力，有某种知识或者技能而能够做某事。He hurt his foot and couldn’t play soccer. 他的脚受了伤，所以他不能踢足球了。4.? The potato chips were invented by mistake. (P71)土豆条的发明纯属歪打正着。(1) potato chips是一个复合名词，其中第一个名词用作定语修饰后一个名词，这样的例子有很多，又如: alarm clock, telephone number等。知识拓展复合名词变复数的规则，你一定要牢记啊！◎通常只把主体名词变为复数school boy—school boys(男生)?? apple tree—apple trees(苹果树) vegetable sandwich—vegetable sandwiches(蔬菜三明治) girl friend—girl friends（女朋友）◎如果没有主体名词，在最后一个名词上用复数。good-for-nothing—good-for-nothings（饭桶、无用的人）three-year-old—three-year-olds（三岁的孩子）◎由man, woman和另外一个名词构成的复合名词，两个部分都要用复数。man teacher—men teachers(男教师)gentleman farmer—gentlemen farmers （乡绅）(2)by mistake 表示“错误地（因粗心、遗忘等所致）”。Sorry, I took your bag by mistake. 对不起，我错拿了你的手提包。短语链语mistake ... for “错把……当作……”5.? George Crum cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. (P71)George Crum将它们做了很长时间，直到它们变脆了。until常用作介词或连词，用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。◎在肯定句中，until与延续性、持续性动词连用，表示“直到……为止”。I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下