国外公共图书馆弱势群体服务研究述评[J].pdfVIP

09　　　5 国外公共图书馆弱势群体服务研究述评 王素芳 摘 　要 　与社会 、经济和政治环境变化相适应 , 图书馆弱势群体服务的研究经历了数次话语体系更迭 : 19 世纪末 20 世纪前期公共图书馆为劳工阶级服务阶段 , 20 世纪 60至 80年代以弱势群体服务为核心的社区图书馆运动和 图书馆社会责任大讨论阶段 , 20世纪 90 年代信息贫穷或数字鸿沟与管理主义话语体系下的图书馆服务阶段 , 20 世纪 90年代末至今反社会排斥和社会包容话语体系下图书馆弱势群体服务阶段 。研究话语体系的变化反映了 图书馆实践领域关注焦点的变更 ,但话语体系的更迭并没有改变其反映问题的本质 。倡导和实践图书馆服务的 平等获取和包容性 ,争取为社会底层人群或弱势群体提供服务 ,在欧美公共图书馆发展的各个时期是一以贯之 的。参考文献 60。 关键词 　公共图书馆 　弱势群体 　社会排斥 　社会包容 　图书馆服务 　述评 分类号 　G250 A BSTRACT 　The disadvantaged are described by several term s in W estern library literatu re. For examp le, work ing class, the poor, the deserving poor, the un served, social excluded and so on. The researches discou rse on lib rary services to the disadvantaged has been changing w ith developm ent of social, econom ic and political context. B efore 1930 s, researches m ain ly focu sed on the work ing class group s; from 1960 s to 1980 s, the m ain research top ic s were social respon sib ilities of pub lic librarian sh ip and commun ity librarian sh ip ; in the 1990 s, inform ation poor or digital divide and evaluation on services to the disadvantaged under the comm ercialism were more discu ssed; and since 1997 , social excluded and social inclu sion have becom e one of the mo st hot top ic s in B ritish lib rary literatu re. The changed discou rse addresses on social developm ent and changes in library p ractices. Mo st importantly, it m ean s that we have to analyze relevant researches and p ractices according to the h istory context. However, the changed discourse does not change the essence of lib rary services to the disadvantaged. It is the case that since the incep tion of pub lic lib rary, lib rary p rofession has been struggling for serving the social disadvantaged and m ak ing lib rary services equally accessib le for everyone. 60 refs. KEY