英语难句和长句的翻译.pptVIP

第十二章 英语难句和长句的翻译 一、 英汉翻译中译文句式的重组 1．This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. 买卖双方同意按下列条款购买、出售下述商品，并签订本合同。(动作的发出者译为主语) 2. But without Adolf Hitler, who was possessed of a demoniac personality, a granite will, uncanny instincts, a cold ruthlessness, a remarkable intellect, a soaring imagination anduntil toward the end, when drunk with power and success, he over reached himselfan amazing capacity to size up people and situations, there almost certainly would never have been a Third Reich. 然而,如果没有阿道夫·希特勒， 那就几乎可以肯定不会有第三帝国。因为阿道夫·希特勒有着恶魔般的性格、花岗岩般的意志、不可思议的本能、无情的冷酷、杰出的智力、深远的想象力以及对人和对局势的判断力。这种判断力最后由于权力和胜利冲昏了头脑而自不量力，终于弄巧成拙。 分析：这个句子由一个主句，一个非限定性定语从句和一个状语从句组成。插入主句中间的是一个由who引导的非限定性定语从句。这个从句较长，句中又插入了一个用破折号分开的，由until引导时间状语从句。这个状语从句对非限定性定语从句的后面部分作了些补充说明，因而，虽然具有相对的独立意义，仍可根据逻辑关系，将该句译文置于句尾。（全句有两层主要意思：①如果没有阿道夫·希特勒， 那就几乎可以肯定不会有第三帝国；②希特勒在性格、智力、能力等方面具有的某些特点。原文各句的逻辑关系和表达顺序与汉语大致一致，但因从句是插入成分，和汉语表达习惯不同，所以，翻译时顺中有逆，可以综合处理/重组 3. Applied science, on the other hand, is directly concerned with the application of the working laws of pure science to the practical affairs of life, and to increasing man’s control over his environment, thus leading to the development of techniques, processes and machines. 应用科学则直接涉及应用问题。它研究的是如何将纯科学的工作定律应用于实际生活、应用于加强人类对其周围环境的控制，从而导致新技术、新工艺和新机器的产生。 二、顺译法 1. It was on a Sunday evening, when he was lying in the orchard listening to a blackbird and composing a love poem that he heard the gate swing to, and saw the girl coming running among the trees, with the red-cheeked, stolid Joe in swift pursuit. 一个星期日的傍晚，他正躺在果园里，一面在听画眉鸟的啁啾，一面写一首爱情诗，忽然听得大门砰地关上，接着看见那姑娘从树丛里奔来，后面飞跟着那呆头呆脑的红脸的乔。 分析：这个句子是由一个强调句（时间），一个状语从句和二个现在分词短语表示伴随的时间状语，还有一个介词短语。 2. Four scores and seven years ago our father brought fourth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and the proposition that all men are created equal.