分句、合句法研究生翻译课课件.pptVIP

分句、合句法 分译和合译 西文的句式一般是以主句、并列句、从句及各类起 修饰作用的短语构成的,以主语和谓语为核心,从左到 右,像一颗左边长满了树枝(right-branching)的树一 般。而中文的句式往往以动词为中心,以时间顺序为 逻辑语序的流水型的句式结构。英文句子,如果语法 结构运用得好,可以很长,而翻译成中文就必须拆成多 个短句。这种情况下的翻译就应采用分译和合译,以 灵活处理句子的长度。如: 原文:It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.(J.Austen:Pride and Prejudice) 译文:凡是有钱的单身汉,总想娶位太太,这是一 条举世公认的真理。(简·奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》) 一、分句(Division) 英语长句较多。句子修饰语多且长，句子结构复杂；而汉语中长句则相对较少，修饰语也较少且短。所以英译汉时，不能照样克隆复制，而是得根据汉语的特点，灵活处理。分句（切分）就是一种常见的方法，是指把英语中的长句分译成两个或两个以上的句子。 分句分三类：单词分译、短语分译、句子分译 1）单词分译 单词分译是指把原文中的一个单词拆译成一个句子。采用单词分译主要有两个目的：一是为了句法上的需要。由于一些单词在搭配、词义等方面的特点，直译会使句子生硬晦涩，翻译腔十足，而把某个单词分译却能使句子通顺，切不损伤原意。二是为了修辞上的需要，如加强语气、突出重点等。英语中的名词、动词、形容词和副词等都可以分译。 2）短语分译 3）句子分译 有的长句的翻译需要根据意群的分布等具体情况来进行灵活处理. 3.Human beings have distinguished themselves from other animals, and in doing so ensured their survival, by the ability to observe and understand their environment and then either to adapt to that environment or to control and adapt it to their own needs. 人类把自己和其他动物区别开来。与此同时，人类还具有观察和了解周围环境的能力，他们要么适应环境，要么控制环境，或根据自身的需要改造环境。人类就这样一代代地生存下来。 Three other techniques to translate the long sentences 作业 1.Its crisp climate and heartstopping views make it a great walking town for the fit. 2. I sat with his wife in their living room， looking out the glass doors to the backyards， and there was Allen’s pool， still covered with black plastic that had been stretched across it for winter. 3.One day， while out on the bleak moors， Rip is startled by a hulking， menacing man who threatens him if he doesn‘t bring him some food immediately。 4.Tabacco addicts remain hopelessly blind to signs that say No Smoking. 1.这里气候凉爽干燥，景观令人惊叹，对于身体好的人来说是徒步游览的好去处。 合句 练习 1.By now you know that getting your money’s worth is not just a matter of luck. It is more often the result of buying skill. 2.The silence lenghthened. Stepping to the table, I took Lydia’s hand and said, “come with me.” 3. A shell landed within thirty feet of the cobra. The grass wav