电动助力车驱动与控制系统的设计.doc

毕业设计简介 PAGE 1 电动助力车驱动与控制系统的设计 摘 要 对电动助力车驱动系统及控制系统进行了研究，探讨了PWM脉宽调速在电动助力车中的应用，并综合运用所学知识设计出能够满足要求的方案。简单了解设计背景和相关概念后，提出了一种基于PIC单片机的设计方案，方案提出采用经特殊设计的速度传感器和扭矩传感器采集人力脚踩速度和扭矩, 并利用PIC16F877单片机作为信号处理与中心控制单元, 以完成对人力脚踩输出功率的计算, 并根据该功率的大小控制直流驱动电机的输出功率, 实现真正意义上的智能助力。此外, 为提高使用性能和安全性能, PIC16F877单片机还能够对该车的工作状况进行实时监测和控制。设计的电路具有过流，欠压保护功能，在电机控制方面，采用先进的电力电子器件，集成电路后，可以做到智能控制。同时，控制电路还具有电池电量监控系统，使电池免受过量充电和过量放电的危险。 关键词： 电动自行车；助力；驱动控制技术；PIC16F877 单片机 Abstract This paper studies Bicycle drive system for electric and control system, discussed the PWM pulse width speed control in the application of electric bikes, and the integrated use of the knowledge to design programs to meet the requirements. Simple design background and understanding of related concepts, the paper proposes a design based on PIC micro controller, the program uses a special design of the proposed speed sensor and torque sensor to collect human foot speed and torque, and the use of PIC16F877 microcontroller as a signal processing and Central control unit on the human foot to complete the calculation of output power, and according to the size of the control of the power output of the DC drive motor power, a real sense of intelligent help. Furthermore, to enhance performance and safety performance, PIC16F877 micro controller can also work on the cars real-time monitoring and control of the situation. The designed circuits have overcurrent, under voltage protection, in the motor control, the use of advanced power electronic devices, integrated circuits, you can do intelligent control. Meanwhile, the control circuit also has a battery monitoring system, the battery charge and excessive discharge from excessive risk. Key words: Electric-vehicle; Power assistant system; Drive and control technology; PIC16F877 microprocessor controller 一、前言 传统的自行车分为纯电动车和纯人力脚踏车，纯人力脚踏车由于都是靠人的脚踏功率去驱动，因此效率不高，纯电动车是靠蓄电池的储能去驱动电机实现工作，由于现阶段蓄电池的容量不是很大，因此续行里程短。基于这种情况，电动助力车也就应运而生了，电动助力车又叫智能型电动自行车，它是由车体部件、电池、传动部件、微电脑控制器和力矩传感器组成。智能骑行时，人的脚踏力由传感部件测量出来，经过微电